Effects of Global Brightening on Primary Production and Hypoxic Water in Enclosed Bay

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In many parts of the world, annual mean surface solar radiation (SSR) has undergone significant decadal changes; however, its effect on the coastal water environment has not been investigated. This study investigates the effects of changes in the SSR on hypoxia and the primary production of phytoplankton in a eutrophic bay in Japan (Ise Bay), where the annual SSR increased by 13.3% from 1980 to 2010. We numerically simulated the hydrodynamics and ecosystem using a three-dimensional model. With the 10% increase in SSR, the primary production in the bay increased by 2.8%. Similarly, the overall volume of hypoxic water increased, and in August, it increased by 5.8%. These results imply that recent global brightening has the potential to amplify the primary production and hypoxia in a eutrophic bay.