家庭内資源配分と人的資源開発

我们在《亚洲经济学刊》和《新加坡经济评论》上完成并发表了两篇主题论文（接受决定）。1)性别、兄弟姐妹顺序与教育数量和质量差异：来自日本双胞胎的证据。利用1045对日本同卵双胞胎的信息，我们通过考虑受教育年限（数量）和上一所学校的声誉（质量）来研究教育方面的差异。我们发现，15岁时学习表现的差异是决定差异的关键因素之一。我们发现，20世纪50年代和60年代出生队列中最大孩子的性别与受教育程度的差异有关。20世纪70年代以后，随着日本经济的成熟，双胞胎之间的教育差异消失了。2)家用电器与无偿家务时间的性别差异：使用越南家庭数据的证据。我们在36,480个越南家庭中研究了妻子和丈夫在无偿家务上花费的时间以及家电所有权与性别之间的相互作用条件方面的性别差距。我们发现性别差距持续存在。随着燃气灶等家用电器的出现，男女在时间上的差距越来越大。丈夫做家务的可能性降低以及性别价值观的变化可能是重要的解释。

We completed and published two papers on the theme at the Asian Economic Journal and the Singapore Economic Review (acceptance decision).1) Gender, Sibling Order, and Differences in the Quantity and Quality of Education: Evidence from Japanese Twins.Using information on 1,045 pairs of Japanese monozygotic twins, we examined differences in education by considering both the years of schooling (quantity) and the reputation of the last attended school (quality). We found that a difference in learning performance at 15 years of age is one of the key factors determining the differences. We found the gender of the eldest child from the 1950s and 1960s birth cohorts was associated with the difference in educational attainment. As the Japanese economy matured in the 1970s and thereafter, educational differences between twins disappeared.2) Home appliances and gender gap of time spent on unpaid housework: evidence using household data from Vietnam.We examined the gender gap between wives and husbands with regard to time spent on unpaid housework and the interaction terms between home appliance ownership and gender among 36,480 Vietnamese households. We found the gender gap was persistent. The gender gap of time increased with the appearance of home appliances such as gas cookers. A lower probability of husbands doing housework and changes in gender values could be important explanations.