Modelling the impact of changes in the physical environment on plankton succession with special emphasis on Daphnia-algae interactions

模拟物理环境变化对浮游生物演替的影响，特别强调水蚤与藻类的相互作用

• 批准号: 5429856
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Frank Peeters, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Limnologisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5429856?language=en
• 关键词: Modelling; impact; changes; physical; environment

Global change is expected to alter the physical conditions in lakes. This project will develop a plankton succession model and combine it with a 1 dimensional physical model to investigate the effect of changes in the physical environment and specifically in water temperature on plankton succession. In the two year application period the plankton succession model proposed will be focused on phytoplankton and Daphnia, because phytoplankton abundance is mainly determined by the availability of nutrients and light, whereas Daphnia growth is highly sensitive to water temperature. The plankton succession model will also include in a simplified fashion fast growing microzooplankton feeding on phytoplankton and the predation of fish on Daphnia. Sub-models resolving different details (e.g. size structure, stoichiometry) of Daphnia development will be included to investigate the importance of model detail on the overall model behaviour with respect to field observations. Model calibration and validation will be based on the extensive data set available for Lake Constance. Comparison of data and model results on the plankton succession in years with extreme thermal conditions will be used to investigate whether the impact of changes in the physical environment on plankton succession can be adequately simulated and possibly leads to a shift in the interactions within the plankton community (match-mismatch). Because the ecosystem in spring and early summer is very sensitive to external forcing and dominated by only a few species, the main part of the investigations will initially concentrate on spring and early summer. Consequences of global warming on the physical parameters and the implications on the plankton succession will be studied using numerical experiments. The modeling work will be complemented by field measurements during late winter and early spring to provide data with a better temporal resolution on the plankton development, and to improve the data quality for especially daphnids, which is rather poor in the existing data set because only few individuals were obtained within one zooplankton sample. Depending on the outcome of the modeling work during the two year application period we will apply the plankton succession model to study other time periods of the year, other lakes, mesocosms or extend the model by considering additional species.

全球变化预计将改变湖泊的物理条件。该项目将开发一个浮游生物演替模型，并将其与一维物理模型相结合，以调查物理环境变化，特别是水温变化对浮游生物演替的影响。在两年的应用期内，浮游植物演替模型的重点将是浮游植物和水蚤，因为浮游植物的丰度主要取决于营养物质和光照的有效性，而水蚤的生长对水温高度敏感。浮游生物演替模型还将以一种简化的方式包括以浮游植物为食的快速生长的微型浮游动物和以水蚤为食的鱼类。将包括解决水蚤发育的不同细节(例如，大小结构、化学计量)的子模型，以调查模型细节对关于现场观测的整体模型行为的重要性。模型的校准和验证将基于康斯坦茨湖可用的大量数据集。将利用关于极端高温条件年份浮游生物演替的数据和模型结果进行比较，以调查物理环境变化对浮游生物演替的影响是否能被充分模拟，并可能导致浮游生物群落内相互作用的转变(匹配-不匹配)。由于春季和初夏的生态系统对外部强迫非常敏感，而且只由少数物种主导，调查的主要部分最初将集中在春季和初夏。将通过数值实验研究全球变暖对物理参数的影响以及对浮游生物演替的影响。建模工作将辅之以冬末和初春的实地测量，以提供关于浮游生物发育的更好的时间分辨率的数据，并改善特别是大型浮游动物的数据质量，这在现有数据集中相当差，因为在一个浮游动物样本中只获得了很少的个体。根据两年申请期内模拟工作的结果，我们将应用浮游生物演替模型来研究一年中的其他时间段、其他湖泊、中层生态系统或通过考虑更多物种来扩展模型。