Void evolution in soluble rocks: Development and validation of numerical models by field evidence

通过数值模拟研究可溶岩中的水文地质环境与孔洞演化的关系。早期的研究侧重于一般概念环境，而本项目的目标是建立与场地有关的数值模型，这些模型主要基于从选定的研究场地汇编的实地数据。研究地点将位于乌克兰西部的喀斯特地形，因为这一地区有很好的记录，展示了喀斯特演化阶段的完整序列，并拥有各种各样的喀斯特现象。因此，项目成果将很容易转移到其他岩溶地区。利用地理信息系统(地理信息系统)，将对实地数据进行汇编和分析，从而产生各种环境中与场地有关的空洞演化概念模型。这些概念模型将通过数值模拟进行测试，并通过比较模型结果和现场观测结果进行反复改进。因此，将识别促进可溶岩中空洞演化的水文地质环境。在全面文献回顾的基础上，从研究地点得出的概念将被转移到其他喀斯特地区并进行调整。因此，将提供评估岩溶地质灾害所需的基本知识，如地面沉降、坍塌和大坝坍塌。

The relation between hydrogeological environment and void evolution in soluble rocks will be examined by numerical modeling. Whereas earlier research focussed on generic conceptual settings, this project aims to establish site-related numerical models that are largely based on field data compiled from selected study sites. The study sites will be located in the karst terrain of the Western Ukraine, because this area is well documented, displays the full sequence of karst evolutionary stages, and hosts a wide variety of karst phenomena. Consequently, project results will be readily transferable to other karst areas. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), field data will be compiled and analysed yielding site-related conceptual models of void evolution in various types of settings. These conceptual models will be tested by numerical modelling and iteratively improved by comparing model outcome and field observations. As a result, hydrogeological environments promoting the evolution of voids in suluble rocks will be identified. Based on a through literature review, the concepts derived from the study sites will be transferred and adapted to other karst regions. Thus, the fundamental knowledge required for the assessment of karst geohazards, such as land subsidence, collapses, and dam failure, will be provided.