小作農を対象としたマイクロクレジットの介入研究

有证据表明，在孟加拉国这样土地稀缺的发展中国家，土地改革实际上是不可行的，在这种情况下，孟加拉国的土地租赁市场发生了几个显着的变化：1)随着时间的推移，无地(非农家庭)和无功能土地的农户所占比例越来越大。2)直到上世纪90年代中期，租户数量才有所增加。然而，从1990年代中期到最近几年，租户数量(纯租户所占比例不断增加)和租户面积在2004-2008年间都有所增加，但也有一些例外。份额租赁大幅下降，而固定租金安排和其他较长期租赁合同逐渐增加。另一方面，无论是在国内还是在国外，农户成员参与汇款赚取活动的人数都有增加的趋势。尽管从缺席成员那里收到的汇款资金被投资于家庭农场活动，但经常有人争论，有流动成员的农场家庭的生产力和效率是否持续。如果存在低效，这是持久的还是暂时的？因此，本研究考察了有一些外出务工人员的农户的生产率和效率的主要决定因素？这些决定因素在不同作物季节的不同触角上有多大程度的不同？获得了长达40年的具有全国代表性的家庭面板数据(19888、2000年、2004年、2008年、2014年)，这些数据在孟加拉国被称为Mahabub Hossain(MH)数据集，有助于我们调查这些研究问题。

Evidence suggest that land reform is practically infeasible in land scarce developing country like Bangladesh and in such a context several notable changes in land tenancy market are observed in Bangladesh: 1) Both landlessness (non-farm households) and farm households with increasing share of functionally land less farm households increased over time. 2) Until mid 1990s number of tenants didn’t increase. However, from mid 1990s to recent years, both number of tenants (with increasing share of pure tenants) and areas under tenancy increased with some exception during 2004-2008. Share tenancy substantially declined while fixed-rent arrangement and other longer term lease contracts is gradually increasing. On the other hand, increasing trend is observed in farm household members` participation in remittance earning activities both in in-country and out-country. Though remittance money received from absentee members is invested in household farm activities, it is often argued, whether productivity and efficiency of farm households with migrant members are sustained. If inefficiency exists, is that persistent or transient? Thus, this study examines the major determinants of productivity and efficiency of farm households who have some absentee migrant members? To what extent these determinants vary over different tenurial contacts in different crop seasons? Availability of four decades` long nationally representative household panel data (19888, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2014), known as Mahabub Hossain (MH) dataset in Bangladesh, helps us to investigate those research questions.