Response of flow systems in soils to extreme atmosperical boundary conditions

土壤流动系统对极端大气边界条件的响应

• 批准号: 5445165
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Huwe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Bodenphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5445165?language=en
• 关键词: Response; flow; systems; soils; extreme

Moisture and flow patterns are of utmost importance for matter transport and spatial distribution of nutrients and pollutants in the soil compartment of ecosystems. Soil structure, spatial variation of nonlinear material functions, and dynamics of upper boundary conditions are key factors of flow path formation. In forest soils, organic O - horizons, wettability and stones seem to play a prominent role in controlling infiltration patterns and preferential flow formation. The impact of extreme atmospheric boundary conditions on flow pattern generation, associated soil chemical effects and a possible change of flow systems make up the focus of the proposed research. Experiments are conducted at the laboratory, profile and plot scale. In the context of the central field manipulation experiments changes in dynamics and patterns of soil moisture and water repellency are investigated using time series analysis, geostatistics and analysis of variance. In addition associated physical and chemical parameters are determined. The deterministic process model WHNWIN is used for flux quantification of field plots and model aided interpretation of the manipulation experiments. The role of organic O- horizons and water repellency for preferential flow formation is studied in field tracer experiments by image analysis and VIS-NIR spectroscopy. Field studies are complemented by computer controlled column and batch experiments in the laboratory. Inverse modelling is applied for parameter and process identification.

水分和流动模式对于生态系统土壤分区中养分和污染物的物质迁移和空间分布至关重要。土壤结构、非线性物质函数的空间变化和上边界条件的动态变化是水流路径形成的关键因素。在森林土壤中，有机O -层，润湿性和石头似乎发挥了突出的作用，在控制渗透模式和优先流的形成。极端大气边界条件对流态生成的影响、相关的土壤化学效应和可能的流系变化构成了拟议研究的重点。实验在实验室、剖面和小区尺度上进行。在中央领域的操作实验的背景下，动态和模式的土壤水分和防水性的变化进行了研究，使用时间序列分析，地质统计学和方差分析。此外，还确定了相关的物理和化学参数。确定性过程模型WHNWIN用于通量量化的现场图和模型辅助解释的操作实验。通过图像分析和可见-近红外光谱分析，研究了有机氧层和斥水性对优先流形成的作用。现场研究的补充，计算机控制的柱和批实验室。逆建模应用于参数和过程识别。