Functional soil landscape modelling in the Andean mountain forest zone: impact of land use and natural disturbances

安第斯山森林区功能性土壤景观建模：土地利用和自然干扰的影响

• 批准号: 36022639
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Huwe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Area Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales Renovables
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/36022639?language=en
• 关键词: Functional; soil; landscape; modelling; Andean

Spatial patterns of soil types and related hydrological, mechanical, chemical and biological properties considerably affect ecosystem behaviour and functioning on the local as well as on the landscape scale. In the tropical montane forests of Southern Ecuador landslides are assumed to have significant impact on pedogenesis, pedodiversity, landscape evolution and biodiversity. Consequently, soil landscape modelling needs to take into account the main governing factors of landslide dynamics like topography, soil hydrology, and vegetation development. Based on comprehensive datasets from previous funding periods and ongoing research our project aims at functional soil landscape modeling with special focus on pedodiversity and landslide risk assesment. Results will further be used for disturbance analyses, and hydrological modelling on the local, catchment and landscape scale in close cooperation with other working groups. Soil landscape modelling will be conducted using advanced statistical models like classifcication and regression trees (CART) and artificial neuronal networks (ANN). Hydrological modeling is conducted using GIS segmentation algorithms together with process based 2D- and 3D- hillslope and catchment models. Special attention will be directed to spatial heterogeneity and parameter uncertainty. A total of 8 existing monitoring plots provide us with throughfall, matric potential, water content and discharge data of subcatchments for model calibrations. Occurrence and relevance of preferential flow can be assessed with the help of dye tracer image analyses from previous funding periods.

土壤类型的空间格局和相关的水文、机械、化学和生物特性在很大程度上影响着当地和景观尺度上的生态系统行为和功能。在厄瓜多尔南部的热带山地森林中，滑坡被认为对土壤形成、土壤多样性、景观演变和生物多样性有重大影响。因此，土壤景观建模需要考虑地形、土壤水文和植被发育等滑坡动力学的主要控制因素。基于以前资助期的综合数据集和正在进行的研究，我们的项目旨在建立功能性土壤景观模型，特别关注土壤多样性和滑坡风险评估。研究结果将进一步用于干扰分析，并与其他工作组密切合作，在当地、流域和景观尺度上建立水文模型。土壤景观建模将使用先进的统计模型，如分类和回归树（CART）和人工神经网络（ANN）。水文建模使用GIS分割算法以及基于过程的二维和三维山坡和集水区模型。将特别关注空间异质性和参数不确定性。共有8个现有的监测地块为我们提供了小集水区的通水孔、基质电位、含水量和排放量数据，以便进行模型校准。优先流动的发生和相关性可以通过以前资助期的染料示踪图像分析来评估。