膜通気バイオフィルムリアクターによる高濃度窒素排水の効率除去とＮ２Ｏ削減

在传统的活性污泥系统中处理富铵废水，常规的硝化和反硝化对曝气和外部有机物的成本很高。此外，由于N2O具有显著的温室效应，近年来已成为一个新兴问题。污水处理厂的N2O排放被认为是主要的人为排放源之一，因此减少污水处理厂的N2O排放非常重要。我目前的研究重点是研究同时硝化和反硝化的膜曝气生物膜反应器（MABR）的潜力，作为一种紧凑且具有成本效益的污水处理技术，具有最小的N2O排放。为了了解C/N比对MABR和常规生物膜反应器（CBR）同时硝化反硝化过程的影响，我们运行了MABR和CBR两个具有代表性的反应器。我们发现MABR中的反扩散生物膜的N2O排放量比CBR中的共扩散生物膜低130倍。在相同操作条件下，MABR的氧利用率比CBR高20%，TN去除率比CBR高12%。分子微生物学分析表明，与CBR相比，MABR中反硝化基因（尤其是nosZ基因）的丰度更高，特别是Thauera属、根瘤菌属、鞘菌属和Brevundimonas属作为潜在的n2o还原菌存在于MABR中。研究成果发表在《应用微生物与生物技术》、《水研究》、《生物资源技术》等国内外权威期刊上。

To treat ammonium rich wastewaters in conventional activated sludge systems, conventional nitrification and denitrification is highly cost for aeration and external organic matter. Besides, N2O emission has been an emergent issue for the past few years due to its significant greenhouse effect. N2O emission from wastewater treatment plants is considered as one of major anthropogenic sources, thus reducing N2O emission from WWTPs is important. My current studies focus on investigation the potential of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification as a compact and cost-effective wastewater treatment technology with minimum N2O emission.In order to understand the impact of C/N ratio in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process in an MABR and a conventional biofilm reactor (CBR), we operated 2 reactors representative for MABR and CBR. We found that the counter diffusion biofilms in MABR emits 130 times lower N2O than co-diffusion biofilms in a CBR. The MABR for also had 20% higher oxygen utilization efficiency and 12% higher TN removal efficiency than that of CBR at the same operational conditions. The molecular microbiological analysis indicated higher abundance of denitrifying genes, especially nosZ genes, in the MABR versus the CBR, especially the presence of the genera Thauera, Rhizobium, Sphingobacteria, and Brevundimonas as potential N2O-reducing bacteria in the MABR. The works were published in top rank journals including Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Water Research, and Bioresource Technology.