Transnational Political Practices of Migrants in Germany: Study of transnational activities from Polish and Turkish Immigrants in Germany

由于国际移徙，一般的移徙者，以及宗教、族裔和少数民族的成员，经常在民族国家的领土和社区之外建立密切和相对持续的交流关系。在ESF倡议中，这个关于德国的特别项目侧重于移民的政治实践，以土耳其和波兰移民为例。人们对越境政治活动的强度、广度和持久性知之甚少。关于跨国政治对自由民主国家的影响的研究就更少了。因此，首先必须具体说明跨国政治实践发生的机会结构。其次，探讨跨国政治行为的类型、形式和对象。第三，需要提出的问题是，这些移民的政治实践是如何融入地方或国家背景的。对不同类型的跨国政治实践的大量了解有助于对跨国化与移民融合之间的关系做出经验判断。

As a consequence of international migration, migrants in general, but also members of religious, ethnic and national minorities, frequently establish intense and relatively continuous exchange relations beyond the territories and communities of nation states. This particular project on Germany within the ESF initiative focuses an political practices of migrants, taking as examples Turkish and Polish immigrants. Not much is known about the intensity, extensity and durability of border-crossing political activities. And even less research has been devoted to the implications of transnational politics for liberal democratic states. First, therefore, it is imperative to specify the opportunity structures in which transnational political practices occur. Second, it is important to inquire into the types, forms and addressees transnational political behaviour takes. Third, the question needs to be raised how such migrant political practices are embedded into local or national contexts. Substantial knowledge about the different kinds of transnational political practices can be helpful to take empirical informed judgements on the relationhip between transnationalization and immigrant integration.