Communicative Practices of the Free Brazil Movement in Social Media Networks and Their Consequent Appropriations by Political Candidates in the 2018

这项研究的主要目的是对社会网络中的社会运动的话语实践形成一种经验上的理解，并分析这种做法是如何在2018年选举中使用的。该项目旨在描述和分析自由巴西运动(MBL)的传播实践，以及在上一次巴西总统选举中当选的候选人对这些实践的挪用。自2013年6月日(JJ13)以来，巴西出现了几个参与国家政治辩论和社会运动的团体，其中一个是MBL，这是一个旨在动员公民建立更自由、公平和繁荣社会的非营利性组织，主张民主、共和国、言论自由和新闻、自由市场、减少国家和官僚机构。在2018年选举中，许多得票率最高的政客因大量使用社交网络并参与这些动员活动而臭名昭著。MBL协调员之一Kim Katguiri获得了大量选票，赢得了国会议员的职位，这就是一个例证。在二十世纪初之前，社会运动的概念只被认为是工会中的工人的行动。来自不同领域的学者指出了集体行动的重新定位，不同类型的集体行动根据当代社会行为者不再适合的理论类别进行了分类(Touraine，2003)。例如，女权主义运动引发了对性别等级制度的审查，并将家庭空间政治化(Hall，2003)。还应指出的是，在这些运动的形成过程、动态、价值观和社会变革的视角中理解它们的重要性，强调沟通在分享意义和交换信息的过程中的作用(Castells，2013)。像Maria da Glória Gohn(2013)这样的研究人员研究了社会运动的集体实践和行动，划定了时代背景的基本特征(所分析的历史时代的社会政治、经济和文化特征)。随着互联网和社交网络的普及，网络空间作为一个政治争端领域变得越来越重要。当代社会经历了一个社会和政治变革的周期，使得人际关系和个人/政治机构关系出现了新的动态。在这种情况下，民间社会在政治和社会进程中发挥着越来越重要的作用(Avritzer，2016；Castells，2008和2013；Gohn，2004；Lavalle等人，2007)。这一研究项目寻求带来重大的学术和社会贡献。首先，本研究旨在了解MBL作为一种当代社会运动，它的交际实践以及利用社会网络传播它的话语。其次，该项目试图查明其协调员之一Kim Katguiri对这一言论的挪用，他最初是一个“无党派”运动，但最终以高票当选为国会议员。从这一场景出发，本研究通过以下问题考察并试图回答这些话语的挪用问题，重点是社会运动的交际实践以及由此导致的进入政治领域的成员对这些话语的挪用：这些话语如何在社会中传播？这些运动的成员如何利用这次演讲为自己谋利？这个项目背后的学术文献试图界定这项研究的范围。首先，我们试图分析“社会运动”概念的历史演变及其当代定义，以便将MBL定性为一种社会运动，并确定其动员的目标和目的。这一理论上的模糊

The main objective of this research is to develop an empirical understanding of the discursive practices of a social movement in social networks and to analyse how this was used in the 2018 elections. This project seeks to describe and analyse the communicative practices of the Free Brazil Movement (MBL) and the consequent appropriation of these practices by candidates elected in the last Brazilian presidential election.Several groups involved in the national political debate and in social movements have appeared in Brazil since the June 2013 Days (JJ13), one of which is the MBL, "a non-profit organization aiming to mobilize citizens for a freer, fair and prosperous society and stand for Democracy, Republic, Freedom of Expression and the Press, Free Market, the Reduction of State and Bureaucracy." Many of the most voted politicians in the 2018 elections gained notoriety due to their intensive use of social networks and their involvement in these mobilizations. An illustration of this is the expressive number of votes received by Kim Kataguiri, one of the MBL coordinators, who won the position of Congressman. The concept of a social movement, before the beginning of the twentieth century, was only considered as the action of workers in unions. Academics from different areaspoint to a re-orientation of the collective action, the different types of which are classified by theoretical categories into which contemporary social actors no longer fit (Touraine, 2003). The feminist movement, for example, sparked a review of gender hierarchy and politicized the domestic space (Hall, 2003). It should also be noted that the importance of understanding these movements in their processes of formation, dynamics, values andperspectives of social transformation, highlighting the role of communication in the process of sharing the meaning and exchange of information (Castells, 2013). Such researchers as Maria da Glória Gohn (2013) study the collective practices and actions of social movements delimiting the basic characteristics of the context of the time (sociopolitical, economic and cultural characteristics of the historical time under analysis).Cyberspace gains importance as a field of political dispute with the consequent popularization of the internet and social networks. The contemporary society experiences a cycle of social and political transformations, enabling the advent of new dynamics in interpersonal and individual/political institution relationships. In this scenario, the civil society develops an increasingly significant role within political and social processes (Avritzer, 2016; Castells, 2008 and 2013; Gohn, 2004; Lavalle et al., 2007). This research project seeks to bring significant academic and social contributions. Firstly, the study aims to understand MBL as a contemporary social movement, its communicative practices and the use of social networks to disseminate its discourse. Secondly, the project seeks to identify the appropriation of this discourse by one of itscoordinators, Kim Kataguiri, who started from a "non-partisan" movement but ended up being elected Congressman with an expressive number of votes. From this scenario, this research examines and seeks to answer the appropriations of these discourses through the following questions, focusing on the communicational practices of a social movement and the consequent appropriation of these discourses by members who led themselves into the political field.: How do these discourses circulate in society? How do members of these movements capitalize on this speech for their own benefit? The academic literature underlying this project seeks to delimit the scope of this research. Firstly, we try to analyse the historical evolution of the concept of a "Social Movement" and its contemporary definition in order to characterize MBL as a Social Movement and identify its mobilization objectives and purposes. This theoretical fr