Towards the global phylogeny of the ectomycorrhizal genus Cortinarius (Basidiomycetes, Agaricales)

外生菌根属 Cortinarius（担子菌纲，伞菌目）的全球系统发育

• 批准号: 5448532
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Franz Oberwinkler (†)
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrbereich für Evolutionäre Ökologie der Pflanzen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5448532?language=en
• 关键词: Towards; global; phylogeny; ectomycorrhizal; genus

Species of Cortinarius play a key role as fungal mycorrhizal symbionts in forest ecosystems all over the world. Morphological and molecular studies in this taxonomically highly difficult genus of gilled mushrooms with more than 2000 described species have focused on northern hemispheric taxa, particularly from Europe and North America. Preliminary molecular studies, however, indicate that the southern hemispheric and Asian species are crucial for a valid reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships in Cortinarius. The proposed research project therefore involves an innovative combination of original morphological and molecular analyses including a representative sampling of Central American, southern hemispheric and Asian Cortinarius species. The morphological analyses will comprise comparative macromorphological, anatomical, and ultrastructural examinations. The molecular analyses will include sequencing of rDNA (nuclear large subunit, ITS, and also IGS of selected species) and, in order to resolve higher subgeneric groups, also protein-coding DNA (ATP6 and RPB2 genes), and phylogenetic analyses using a broad spectrum of advanced techniques. Morphological, ecological, and chemical data (pigment chemistry) will be the base for the interpretation of our phylogenetic hypotheses. Results of this project will be the fundament of a new, phylogenetically oriented classification system for the genus Cortinarius and contribute to a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes in this fungal group, including variation in speciation rates among different geographical regions and hypotheses about basal taxa, vicarious species, ecological subspecies and distributional patterns in a worldwide context.

Cortinarius作为真菌菌根共生体在世界各地的森林生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。对这一分类上高度困难的蘑菇属的形态和分子研究主要集中在北半球的分类群，特别是来自欧洲和北美的分类群。然而，初步的分子研究表明，南半球和亚洲物种对于有效地重建Cortinarius的系统发育关系是至关重要的。因此，拟议的研究项目涉及原始形态和分子分析的创新组合，包括对中美洲、南半球和亚洲Cortinarius物种的代表性抽样。形态分析将包括大体形态、解剖学和超微结构的比较检查。分子分析将包括对rDNA(核大亚基、ITS和选定物种的IGS)的测序，以及为了解决更高的亚属群，还包括编码蛋白质的DNA(ATP6和RPB2基因)，以及利用广泛的先进技术进行系统发育分析。形态、生态和化学数据(色素化学)将是解释我们的系统发育假说的基础。该项目的结果将为新的、面向系统发育的Cortinarius分类系统奠定基础，并有助于更好地了解这一真菌类群的系统发育关系和进化过程，包括不同地理区域之间物种形成率的差异，以及关于基本类群、替代种、生态亚种和全球分布格局的假设。