Behavioral Ecology of cave dwelling and extremophile poeciliid fishes: Influence of darkness, hydrogen sulfide and low food availability on the behavior, reproductive life-history traits and sexual selection in mollies (Poecilia mexicna, P. sulphuraria) a

穴居鱼类和极端微生物 Poeciliid 鱼类的行为生态学：黑暗、硫化氢和低食物供应对莫利 (Poecilia mexicna、P. sulfuraria) 行为、生殖生活史特征和性选择的影响

• 批准号: 5453078
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Martin Plath
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5453078?language=en
• 关键词: Behavioral; Ecology; cave; dwelling; extremophile

Populations of Poecilia mexicana inhabit waters containing naturally occurring, toxic hydrogen sulfide, lightless underground waters or a combination of both (a sulfidic cave: Cueva del Azufre). Previous results from this project revealed pronounced genetic differentiation between the Cueva del Azufre cave fish and surrounding surface populations along with a variety of evolutionary changes regarding behavior and life history traits, suggesting local adaptation and reduced gene-flow among habitat types. I will complete my study on the genetic differentiation of a newly discovered cave form of P. mexicana from a non-sulfidic cave while using microsatellites and the cytochrome b gene as genetic markers. I will compare the behavior evolution of this cave fish (e.g., evolution of non-visual mate choice in response to darkness, potential reduction of energy-demanding behaviors) among several populations of that species with different local adaptations. Furthermore, genetic differentiation and gene-flow will be examined in another sulfidic system, the Banos del Azufre, where a morphologically very specialized poeciliid, P. sulphuraria exists, which may be considered an extreme form of a sulfide-adapted population of the very diverse "P. mexicana-group". Furthermore, I will examine associative mating in the two systems to test if pre-zygotic reproductive isolation mechanisms have evolved, thereby promoting the process of genetic differentiation accompanying local adaptation.

墨西哥花的种群栖息在含有天然存在的有毒硫化氢的沃茨、无光的地下沃茨或两者的组合（硫化物洞穴：Cueva del Azufre）。该项目的先前结果显示，Cueva del Azufre洞穴鱼和周围的表面种群之间存在明显的遗传分化，沿着各种行为和生活史特征的进化变化，表明栖息地类型之间的局部适应和减少的基因流。我将利用微卫星和细胞色素B基因作为遗传标记，完成我对新发现的洞穴型P. mexicana与非硫化物洞穴的遗传分化的研究。我将比较这种洞穴鱼的行为演变（例如，进化的非视觉配偶选择响应黑暗，潜在的减少能源需求的行为）之间的几个种群的物种具有不同的本地适应。此外，遗传分化和基因流将在另一个硫化物系统中进行检查，巴诺斯德尔Azufre，其中存在形态上非常专门化的poecilid，P. sulphuraria，这可能被认为是非常多样化的“P. mexicana-group”的硫化物适应种群的极端形式。此外，我将研究在这两个系统中的关联交配，以测试前合子生殖隔离机制的发展，从而促进伴随着当地适应的遗传分化的过程。