Characterizing cell adhesion and migration of surfaces biofunctionalized with nanopatterned collagen matrices

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We have recently developed a method for creating ultrathin (~ 3 nm) collagen matrices on non-biological surfaces in which individual collagen microfibrils are almost perfectly ordered on the nanoscale. Initial experiments show that by adjusting nanotopographic features of the collagen matrix, the adhesive and migratory properties of different cell types can be precisely controlled. The future use of such nanopatterned collagen matrices as intelligent, programmable coatings for the biofunctionalization of surfaces requires a profound understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular response to the patterned matrix. Integrin-containing adhesion complexes, such as focal adhesions, are the main mediators of cell-substratum adhesion and link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Consequently, for understanding how the microfibrils of our nanopatterned matrices regulate cell morphology and migration it will be crucial to elucidate how they direct the formation of focal adhesions and regulate cytoskeletal rearrangement. We intend to investigate the influence of nanopatterned collagen lattices on focal adhesion formation and cytoskeletal rearrangement at a molecular scale by employing a combination of light and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. Furthermore, the effect of the collagen nanotopography on integrin-mediated adhesion will be quantitated using AFM single molecule force spectroscopy. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular response to collagen matrices will not only help to improve their biocompatibility and facilitate the design of intelligent, biofunctionalized materials, but it will also offer new insight into the mechanisms by which cells recognize and respond to topographic features in their surrounding.