Study on metabolism/physiological functions of retinoic acid in metamorphic larvae of the Pleuronectiformes

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1. RT-PCR confirmed bco1l was down-regulated by RA treatment in the intestine. Members of cyp26 and dhrs3 were up-regulated in both sides of skin, vertebra and gills. The data suggest malformations caused by RA exposure is systemically related to this mechanism.2. The success of transferring plasmid to flounder tissues and bamboo sole ovary eggs provides the basis for technique using CRISPR/Cas9 system in flatfish, which distribute to developmental biology in asymmetry study.3. Genes encoding retinoic acid receptors expressed ubiquitously in G-stage flounders. The expression of rars in both sides of skin and vertebra suggest the skins and vertebra are responsive to RA induction. Bone and skin malformation caused by RA induction at G-stage is related to the expression of these rars.