Mechanisms and specifictiy of sequestration in the genus Athalia

叶蜂中的几个物种的特征是幼虫表现出的一种特殊现象，即“容易出血”。幼虫体壁轻微的机械损伤足以引起血淋巴在该给定点的释放，这对许多拮抗剂起威慑作用。对于一些叶蜂物种，它已被证明，威慑原则是与宿主植物的化学：幼虫采取某些植物代谢物和隔离他们的血淋巴。然而，吸收机制尚不清楚，因为几种宿主植物的螯合代谢物是糖苷，通常在植物组织破裂后被糖苷酶快速水解。该项目的主要目的是研究叶蜂属Athalia吸收和转化螯合植物代谢产物的特异性和机制。对于.将更详细地研究蔷薇科中宿主植物物种的芥子油苷的蔷薇隔离。与其他Athalia物种的饲料上plancicaceae和Plancerinaceae的比较将澄清常见的和派生的功能内的“容易出血”的螯合机制。不同的螯合代谢物作为防御捕食者的有效性将使我们深入了解适应价值。

Several species within the tenthredinid sawflies are well characterised by a specific phenomenon exhibited by the larvae, the ‚easy bleeding’. Slight mechanical damage of the larval integument is sufficient to provoke the release of haemolymph at that given spot, which acts deterrent on many antagonists. For a few sawfly species it has been shown that the deterrent principle is related to the host plant chemistry: larvae take up certain plant metabolites and sequester them in their haemolymph. The uptake mechanism is however unclear, as the sequestered metabolites of several host plants are glycosides that are usually rapidly hydrolysed by glycosidases after disruption of plant tissue. The main aim of the project is to characterise the specificity and mechanisms of the uptake and turn-over of sequestered plant metabolites in the sawfly genus Athalia. For A. rosae sequestration of glucosinolates from host plant species within the Brassicaceae will be studied in more detail. Comparisons with other Athalia species that feed on Brassicaceae and on Plantaginaceae will clarify common and derived features of sequestration mechanisms within the ‘easy bleeders’. The effectiveness of different sequestered metabolites as defence against predators will give insight in the adaptive values.