权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Heat discharge at the dynamic magma-water-interface in subaqueous and subglacial volcanism: Experiments and thermodynamic modelling

水下和冰下火山作用中动态岩浆-水界面的热排放：实验和热力学建模

基本信息

批准号：
59184927
负责人：
Professor Dr. Bernd Zimanowski
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Geographie und Geologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2006-12-31 至 2011-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/59184927?language=en
关键词：
Heat discharge dynamic magma water

项目摘要

During subaqueous/subglacial eruptions, thermal pulses have been observed. These eruptions provide quantitative information on time scales and thermal efficacy. A short-term calorimeter was built for the direct measurement of the heat-flux from a magmatic melt to a coolant. In the first series material from recent eruptions in Iceland and purified water were used and particles could be pro-duced in a non-explosive process, that are practical identical to those from natural hyaloclastites. By variations of melt properties and experimental geometry flat water and deep sea signatures could be produced as well. First approximations of the thermo-mechanical energy budget of the experimental products are in good agreement with data of the 2004 Grimsvötn eruption. The development of a thermodynamic model is in progress. First experiments with impure coolants show, that heat capacity and viscosity of the coolant have a major impact on the heat discharge. Detailed studies are planned in the next step. The records of seismic signals show the synchronicity of fragmentation and heat-flux: thermal and seismic micro-pulses can be used for monitoring during the experiments. It is intended to use high resolution pressure sensors to monitor the acoustic emission directly. If “acoustical fingerprints” can be assigned, direct monitoring using appropriate sensors on submersibles or probes may be possible.

在水下/冰下喷发期间，已经观察到热脉冲。这些喷发提供了关于时间尺度和热效应的定量信息。为了直接测量从岩浆熔体到冷却剂的热通量，建造了一台短期量热计。在第一个系列中，使用了来自冰岛最近喷发的材料和纯净水，可以在非爆炸过程中产生颗粒，实际上与天然玻璃碎屑岩中的颗粒相同。通过改变熔体性质和实验几何形状，也可以产生平坦水和深海特征。实验产物的热机械能收支的第一近似值与2004年格里姆斯火山喷发的数据非常一致。热力学模型的开发正在进行中。第一个实验与不纯的冷却剂表明，热容量和粘度的冷却剂有一个主要的影响，对热量的排放。下一步计划进行详细研究。地震信号的记录显示了碎裂和热通量的同步性：热脉冲和地震微脉冲可用于实验期间的监测。它旨在使用高分辨率的压力传感器来直接监测声发射。如果能够确定“声学指纹”，就有可能使用潜水器或探测器上的适当传感器进行直接监测。