Die Effekte von Landnutzung und struktureller Heterogenität auf Biodiversität: eine neue Bewertungsmethode mittels kosteneffektiver Fernerkundung und feinskaliger Musteranalysen

土地利用和结构异质性对生物多样性的影响：一种利用成本效益遥感和精细尺度模式分析的新评估方法

• 批准号: 61007207
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Kerstin Wiegand
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Ökosystemmodellierung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/61007207?language=en
• 关键词: Die; Effekte; von; Landnutzung; und

Based on exemplary high-resolution aerial images, we have previously shown that biodiversity of vascular plants in the forest understorey does strongly correlate with the structural complexity of canopy gaps. This is feasible because “understorey light can be used as a single synthetic factor grouping less apparent microclimatic variations” (Barbier et al. 2008). However, so far it is unknown how understorey biodiversity responds to available gap structures when confounding trans-regional effects such as differences in soil or climate come into play. Likewise, little is known about the confounding effects from different tree species compositions on the response of understorey plants to gap light or how large sample areas must be to cause meaningful correlations between gap structures and biodiversity. In this project we intend to investigate these questions based on gap information from orthophotos that are available for vegetation recordings of 1500 grid plots in three regions of Germany. We will use soil data and tree recordings from forest inventories of these grid plots in the three exploratories to investigate in detail the relationship between understorey diversity and gap structure. This analysis will help to better understand the relative importance of gap structure, soil, and tree species composition for understorey plant diversity. As a further deliverable, our assessment method of biodiversity may be used as a cost-effective ‘coarse-filter approach’ to conservation because orthophotos are available at most forest administrations. We consider this as substantial benefit because the escalating loss of biodiversity requires efficient large-scale evaluations of land-use impact on diversity.

基于示例性的高分辨率航空图像，我们以前已经表明，在森林下层的维管植物的生物多样性强烈相关的冠层间隙的结构复杂性。这是可行的，因为“林下光照可以作为一个单一的综合因素，对不太明显的小气候变化进行分组”（Barbier等人，2008年）。然而，到目前为止，它是未知的林下生物多样性如何响应现有的差距结构时，混淆跨区域的影响，如土壤或气候的差异发挥作用。同样，鲜为人知的是，从不同的树种组成的混淆效应林下植物的响应间隙光或如何大的样本面积必须引起有意义的相关性之间的差距结构和生物多样性。在这个项目中，我们打算调查这些问题的基础上，从正射影像，可用于植被记录在德国的三个地区的1500格点的间隙信息。我们将使用土壤数据和树木记录，从森林资源调查的这些网格图在三个勘探站，详细调查林下植物多样性和林窗结构之间的关系。这一分析将有助于更好地了解林隙结构，土壤和树种组成的林下植物多样性的相对重要性。作为进一步的交付，我们的生物多样性评估方法可以作为一个具有成本效益的“粗过滤方法”，以保护，因为正射影像可在大多数森林管理局。我们认为这是一个巨大的好处，因为生物多样性的不断丧失需要有效的大规模评估土地利用对多样性的影响。