FOR 1066: Stall Simulation of Wings and Engine Nacelles

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Transport aircrafts are generally designed for a specific range of flight conditions where flight safety is required. Flight performance, operational cost and environmental compatibilities are considered secondary values as compared to flight safety, but they depend significantly on the flight boundaries of the aircraft. Therefore, it is of great importance, to know the behaviour of transport aircraft at their flight boundaries and to extend these boundaries while still ensuring flight safety. While experimental flight testing is very expensive and often risky, advances in the numerical simulation capabilities offer new perspectives for aircraft design and flight testing. One of the physical mechanisms that limit the flight range of transport aircrafts is wing and the empennage stall at low speeds. Here one needs validated, mathematical models and efficient numerical algorithms for flow simulation that can be used to compute maximum lift of wings and empennages and their dynamic behaviour during stall. The effect of meteorological distortions will be considered in our simulations for the first time. Flow states with flow separation in the engine inlet are important as well, as the resulting inhomogeneous inlet flow can lead to large loads on the fan stage and the first compressor stages. The Research Unit strives for a scientifically founded simulation methodology that can address flight boundaries. While numerical simulation methods are now well developed for applications close to the aircraft design point and widely used in industrial design, the Research Unit will use interdisciplinary, high fidelity simulations to address complex interactions of different effects at stalling conditions. This great challenge can only met using close cooperation by which scientific knowledge and methods needed for highly accurate simulations of external flow fields and powered engine nacelles at the flight boundaries are obtained. Rolls-Royce Germany and Airbus Germany participate within the Research Unit in specific transfer projects by supplying model hardware, testing time in facilities and resources for numerical simulations used for model validation.