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Cognitive and cortixal correlates and computational modeling of spatial belief revision

认知和皮质关联以及空间信念修正的计算模型

基本信息

批准号：
68175591
负责人：
Professor Dr. Markus Knauff
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Grundlagen der Künstlichen Intelligenz
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2007-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/68175591?language=en
关键词：
Cognitive cortixal correlates computational modeling

项目摘要

Individuals often have to revise their beliefs when confronted with contradicting evidence. They have to select which belief they should retain and which one they should give up. The problem has so far only been investigated outside the spatial domain. In the first funding period of the project, we introduced the new research topic of spatial belief revision and were able to show that (1) individual's spatial beliefs result from the representation and inspection of a mental model; (2) individuals hold a belief just as long as it coheres with this model; (3) alternative models are based on the Variation of the initial model; (4) individuals apply "minimal changes" to the initially constructed model; (5) Mostly, the to-be-located objects of the contradicting facts are relocated while the reference objects' initial locations are usually maintained. Further, we developed a computational model reconstructing most of the experimental findings. Currently, we run brain imaging studies using the same experimental paradigms to explore the neural basis of belief revision. In the second funding period, we want to continue and extend our work on spatial belief revision by taking into account aspects of embodied cognition, the influences of language, the effects of presentation format, and multimodality. The main research questions will be: (1) how mental models in belief revision are grounded in perceptual, motoric, or haptic experience; (2) how different grammatical structures of sentences describing spatial configurations effect the entrenchment and revision of models and beliefs; (3) how modality-specific and amodal spatial representations are revised; (4) how individuals deal with "pseudo-inconsistency": a configuration is considered to be inconsistent, because possible consistent interpretations of the premises are difficult to form. We will systemically combine cognitive experiments, functional brain imaging studies, and computational modeling. The project shall result in the first elaborated cognitive theory of spatial belief revision that explains how embodied mental models are revised on the cognitive level, how revision is algorithmically implemented, and how the processes are realized in the human brain.

当面对矛盾的证据时，个人往往不得不修改他们的信念。他们必须选择他们应该保留哪种信仰，他们应该放弃哪种信仰。到目前为止，这个问题只在空间域之外进行了研究。在项目的第一个资助期，我们引入了空间信念修正这一新的研究课题，并能够证明：（1）个体的空间信念是由心理模型的表征和检验产生的;（2）个体只要与该模型相一致就持有信念;（3）替代模型是基于初始模型的变异;（4）个体对最初构建的模型进行“最小改变”;（5）大多数情况下，矛盾事实的待定位对象被重新定位，而参考对象的初始位置通常保持不变。此外，我们开发了一个计算模型，重建大部分的实验结果。目前，我们使用相同的实验范式进行脑成像研究，以探索信念修正的神经基础。在第二个资助期内，我们希望继续并扩展我们在空间信念修正方面的工作，同时考虑到具身认知、语言的影响、呈现格式的影响和多模态。主要的研究问题将是：（1）信念修正中的心理模型如何基于感知，运动或触觉经验;（2）描述空间配置的句子的不同语法结构如何影响模型和信念的巩固和修正;（3）特定模态和非模态空间表征如何修正;（4）个体如何处理“伪不一致”：配置被认为是不一致的，因为很难形成对前提的可能一致的解释。我们将系统地结合联合收割机认知实验，功能脑成像研究和计算建模。该项目将导致空间信念修正的第一个详细的认知理论，解释了具体的心理模型如何在认知水平上进行修正，修正如何在算法上实现，以及这些过程如何在人脑中实现。