Measurement and Modeling of Diect and Axon-Reflex Blood Flow Change elicited by Heat Stimulation for Pain Measurement

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A measurement system has been developed to examine the correlation between pain sensation and blood flow increase when a heat stimulus was applied to the skin. The threshold for pain sensation on the surface of the forearm or the lower leg using localied heating via newly designed contact heat stimulator (Kudo Electric Co., Pain Analyzer NYT-9002), The measurement system can simultaneously moniter blood flow at the center of the heated site (site C) and at one of peripheral site (site P) using two Laser flowmeter(Advance, ALF2 1F). The blood flow at site C was clearly measured through the transparent center of the foil-themode. Site P was 10 mm away from the center of the heated site. The average threshold for a blood flow increase at site C ranged 41.0-42.9ﾟC, whereas the average at site P was 43.8-44.7ﾟC.The threshold for a blood flow increase at site C was significantly lower than that for a burning sensation (weak burning pain sensation, 43.8 - 44.8ﾟC ; p<0.5), but that at site P was almost the same as that for a burning sensation. The blood flow increase at site C had 6.4*2.5 sec latency and 938*585% increase. The parameters at site C were shorter and larger than those at site P (10.5*2.9 sec, 799 878%). The blood flow increase at site C can be taught as the vasodilatation dilrecytly elicited by heating, and one at site P as that evoked by axon reflex. There are two types of signal processing systems for heat stimulation of skin.