Ausbau und Optimierung des MLLTRAP-Penningfallensystems: Komplettierung des Multi-Passage-Spektrometers als Abschluss der Inbetriebnahme und Charakterisierung sowie Aufbau einer Kohlenstoff-Clusterionenquelle

目前正在加尔兴的maier - leibnitz实验室（MLLTRAP）建立一台用于放射性核素的高精度Penning陷阱质谱仪，最终目标是相对质量不确定度为（10-9）。这种极端的精度，除其他外，有助于计量学，以及QED和基本CPT对称性的测试。通过确定摩尔普朗克常数NA•，给出了一种提高精细结构常数α精度的可能性，将MLL Penning陷阱中不同中子的高电荷核素之间的质量差测量与相应捕获射线的波长测量相结合，这将与在ILL反应堆（格勒诺布尔）操作GAMS设施的小组密切合作进行。在那里，中子捕获后的射线波长被精确地测量出来。超允许β衰变的高精度核质量数据使CKM夸克混合矩阵的Vud矩阵元素的精确测定成为可能，从而允许对CKM矩阵的一致性进行严格的测试。在这里，MLLTRAP设备可以以一种独特的方式做出贡献，它结合了慕尼黑Q3D磁谱仪（~ 2(10-4)）的卓越内在能量分辨率和MLLTRAP可以达到的高质量精度。这将允许改进反应q值测量，特别是对于超允许β衰变研究的预期扩展到A=54 （Co）以上的更重的原子核，在那里（当时较大的）计算库仑修正(C)只能以较短的寿命为代价来测试相应的原子核（从而防止陷阱测量）。利用Penning阱结合来自磁谱仪的精确反应q值来确定基态参考质量，将使探测CVC假设取得进展。将开发用于高电荷短寿命核素的双彭宁阱质谱仪，结合几种新技术，以最终达到最终的质量精度。离子将通过激光冷却的Mg+等离子体冷却到mK温度，从而提高测量精度。因此，代替通常通过缓冲气体冷却在制备Penning阱内制备等压纯化离子的方法，计划在高效气停池后使用RF质量滤波器和（多反射）飞行时间质谱仪来实现选择。在EBIS内进行电荷繁殖后，高电荷离子将与激光冷却的Mg+离子一起冷却到mK温度。交感冷却允许一个精确的中心内部的精确陷阱，以及相当大的效率提高。Penningtrap系统的设置已经完成，目前正在调试中，缓冲液停止池可以高效地成功运行。因此，该应用的范围是完成MLLTRAP设施，以便进行高精度的质量测量。这需要设置一个多反射飞行时间光谱仪用于等压净化，一个多通道光谱仪允许引入EBIS电荷增殖器（与随后的q/ a选择），以及设置一个线性保罗阱用于交感激光冷却高电荷离子。飞行时间光谱仪和保罗阱的建立将由当地资金实现，但在本申请中，将分别申请电荷增殖器和相应的q/ a分离器的必要投资资金，以及彭宁阱和电荷增殖器系统的博士后职位。

A high-accuracy Penning trap mass spectrometer for radioactive nuclides ultimately aiming at a relative mass uncertainty of ( 10-9 is presently being set up at the Maier-Leibnitz-Laboratory in Garching ( MLLTRAP ). This extreme accuracy contributes, among other things, to metrology, and to tests of QED and fundamental CPT symmetry.A possibility for improving the accuracy of the fine structure constant α is given by determining the molar Planck constant NA•һ, combining a mass difference measurement between highly-charged nuclides differing by one neutron in the MLL Penning trap with wavelength measurements of corresponding capture (-rays, which will be performed in close collaboration with the group operating the GAMS facility at the ILL reactor (Grenoble). There the wavelengths of ( rays after neutron capture are measured to extreme accuracy.Highly accurate nuclear mass data on superallowed beta decays grant access to a precise determination of the Vud matrix element of the CKM quark mixing matrix, thus allowing for a stringent test of the unitarity of the CKM matrix. Here the MLLTRAP facility can contribute in a unique way by combining the superb intrinsic energy resolution of the Munich Q3D magnetic spectrograph (~ 2( 10-4) with the high mass accuracies reachable with MLLTRAP. This will allow for improved reaction Q-value measurements especially for the intended extension of the study of superallowed ß decays to heavier nuclei beyond A=54 (Co), where the (then larger) calculated Coulomb correction (C can be tested only at the expense of shorter lifetimes for the corresponding nuclei (thus preventing trap measurements). The determination of the ground state reference masses using the Penning trap combined with precise reaction Q-values from the magnetic spectrograph will allow for progress on probing the CVC hypothesis.A double-Penning-trap mass spectrometer for highly-charged, short-lived nuclides will be developed, combining several novel technologies in order to finally achieve ultimate mass accuracy. The ions will be sympathetically cooled to mK temperatures with a laser-cooled Mg+ plasma, allowing for an improved measurement precision. Consequently, instead of the usual preparation of isobarically purified ions of interest by buffer gas cooling inside a preparation Penning trap, it is planned to achieve the selection using an RF mass filter and a (multi-reflection) Time-of-Flight mass spectrometer after the efficient gas-stopping cell. After charge breeding inside an EBIS, the highly charged ions will be sympathetically cooled down to mK temperatures with laser-cooled Mg+ ions. The sympathetic cooling allows for an exact centering inside the precision traps as well as a considerable efficiency improvement.The setup of the Penningtrap system has already been completed and commissioning of the system is presently in progress and the buffergas stopping cell can be operated successfully with high efficiency. Consequently the scope of this application is the completion of the MLLTRAP facility in order to allow for highly-accurate mass measurements. This requires the setup of a multi-reflection time-of-flight spectrometer for isobaric purification, a multi-passage spectrometer allowing to introduce an EBIS charge breeder (with subsequent q/A selection) as well as the setup of a linear Paul trap for sympathetic laser cooling of the highly-charged ions.While the setup of the time-of-flight spectrometer and the Paul trap will be realized from local funds, within the present application the necessary investment funds for the charge breeder and the corresponding q/A-separator will be requested together with post doctoral positions for the Penning trap and charge breeder systems, respectively.