Vertical Crustal Movements in the Upper Rhine Graben Derived from Precise Levelling Data, SAR Interferometry and GNSS

由精确水准数据、SAR 干涉测量和 GNSS 得出的莱茵河上游地堑的垂直地壳运动

• 批准号: 79132441
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Bernhard Heck
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Geodätisches Institut (GIK)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/79132441?language=en
• 关键词: Vertical; Crustal; Movements; Upper; Rhine

The goal of our project is the development of a methodology to derive large-scale, three-dimensional velocity fields in the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) area using a combination of levelling, Persistent Scatterer SAR interferometry (PSI) and GNSS. In the first part of this project, granted by German Research Foundation (DFG), the basis for the vertical displacement component has been set by consistent least squares adjustment of transnational levelling data from Germany, France and Switzerland. In the hereby applied second part of the research project, displacement rates derived from PSI and from time series of continuously operating GNSS sites in the URG shall be added to the levelling data in order to spatially densify the existing information on the vertical displacements as well as to quantify horizontal displacements. To this end, SAR scenes of the C-band satellites ERS1/2 and ENVISAT shall be analysed in a 250 km long and 100 km wide stripe between Basel and Mannheim by applying the PSI method. With respect to the detection of long-wave displacement phenomena using the C-band data archive, the focus is on the implementation and testing of a new procedure for the separation of orbit errors in the PSI processing chain. Concerning the GNSS analysis the project can benefit from comprehensive preliminary work, carried out at Geodetic Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, and directly use the results for horizontal and vertical displacement rates at the sites of the GNSS Upper Rhine Graben network (GURN). The main focus of the second part of the project is on a combination of the three geodetic measurement techniques for the detection of surface displacements (levelling, PSI, GNSS) in order to derive a consistent, three-dimensional velocity field for the whole URG at a high spatial resolution. The approach shall exploit the individual advantages of the measurement techniques (accuracy, spatial and temporal resolution) in an optimum way. As the data and the results of the three techniques are (i) inhomogeneous in space and time, and (ii) related to different reference levels, appropriate interpolation methods have to be developed and applied on the present combination problem. Because of the presumably large inhomogeneity in the distribution of the measurement points, approaches for a line-wise interpolation of the data shall be investigated in addition to the spatial interpolation using the Kriging method. Besides the detection and modelling of the surface displacements another focus of the research project is on the separation of anthropogenic, environmental (non-tectonic) and tectonic deformation. Areas with local displacement anomalies due to anthropogenic exploitation of the subsurface have to be omitted as far as possible for large-scale studies, but may be useful for detailed investigations and sensitivity analyses.

我们项目的目的是开发一种方法，用于通过升级，持续的散射器SAR干涉法（PSI）和GNSS的结合，来得出上莱茵rine Graben（URG）区域中大型三维速度场。在该项目的第一部分，由德国研究基金会（DFG）授予，垂直位移组件的基础是通过调整来自德国，法国和瑞士的跨国水平数据的一致最小二乘。在该研究项目的第二部分中，应将URG中持续操作的GNSS位点的时间序列添加到级别数据中，以使有关垂直位移的现有信息以及量化水平位移的现有信息。为此，应通过应用PSI方法在巴塞尔和曼海姆之间以250 km的长度和100公里的宽度分析C波段卫星ERS1/2和Envisat的SAR场景。关于使用C波段数据存档来检测长波位移现象，重点是实现和测试PSI处理链中轨道误差的新程序。关于GNSS分析，该项目可以从Geodetic Institute，Karlsruhe技术研究所进行的全面初步工作中受益，并直接将结果用于GNSS Upper Rhine Graben Network（Gurn）（Gurn）地点的水平和垂直位移率。该项目的第二部分的主要重点是用于检测表面位移（水平，PSI，GNSS）的三种大地测量技术的组合，以便在高空间分辨率下为整个URG得出一致的三维速度场。该方法应以最佳方式利用测量技术的各个优势（准确性，空间和时间分辨率）。由于三种技术的数据和结果是（i）在空间和时间上不均匀的，并且（ii）与不同的参考水平有关，因此必须开发并应用于当前组合问题。由于测量点的分布中可能具有很大的不均匀性，因此除了使用Kriging方法的空间插值外，还应研究数据插值的方法。除了对表面位移的检测和建模外，研究项目的另一个重点是分离人为，环境（非构造）和构造变形。由于对地下的人为剥削而导致的局部位移异常的区域必须尽可能省略大规模研究，但对于详细的研究和敏感性分析可能很有用。

项目成果

Vertical displacement rates in the Upper Rhine Graben area derived from precise leveling

• DOI: 10.1007/s00190-014-0721-0
• 发表时间: 2014-05
• 期刊: Journal of Geodesy
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: T. Fuhrmann;M. Westerhaus;K. Zippelt;B. Heck

Historische Nivellements aus Preußen und Baden und ihre Bedeutung für die Bestimmung von Vertikalbewegungen im Oberrheingrabengebiet

普鲁士和巴登的历史平整及其对于确定莱茵河上游地堑地区垂直运动的意义

• DOI: 10.12902/zfv-0038-2014
• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Fuhrmann;Zippelt
• 通讯作者: Zippelt

Recent surface displacements in the Upper Rhine Graben — Preliminary results from geodetic networks

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2012.10.012
• 发表时间: 2013-08
• 期刊: Tectonophysics
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: T. Fuhrmann;B. Heck;A. Knöpfler;F. Masson;M. Mayer;P. Ulrich;M. Westerhaus;K. Zippelt

Estimation of small surface displacements in the Upper Rhine Graben area from a combined analysis of PS-InSAR, levelling and GNSS data

• DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggv328
• 发表时间: 2015-10-01
• 期刊: GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Fuhrmann, T.;Cuenca, M. Caro;Heck, B.
• 通讯作者: Heck, B.