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Comparative studies on crop root response to rheological traits in soil.

作物根系对土壤流变性状响应的比较研究。

基本信息

批准号：
09660011
负责人：
INOUE Naoto
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Field experiments were carried Out to clarify the differences and key factors in the rate of seedling establishment among rice varieties sown on the soil surface in flooded paddy fields. There is a significant difference among varieties. The main causes for lower seedling establishment rate existed in floating and seedling mortality in the younger stage. These two causes were independent of each other. No clear correlation were found between the percentage of floating seedling and the plant length, the seminal root length or the apparent weight of seedling in water, which has been reported to be the cause of floating seedlings resulting in poor seedling establishment. Root tip rotation was analyzed for indoor-grown seedlings using spectrum analysis: the maximum entropy method (MEM) was used. MEM spectrum analysis clarified that maximum power density detected in the frequency range above 0.1 cycles mmィイD1-1ィエD1 was highly and positively correlated to seedling establishment percentage in the field experiment. From the result, root tip rotation with a larger spiral angle was suggested to play an important role in the establishment of rice seedlings on flooded and very soft soil. The percentage of the seedlings with a spiral root growth with a larger angle was examined on a medium with low viscosity (10-20cp) by using 76 varieties obtained from IRRI Core Collection. The percentage is a convenient and useful method for screening rice varieties with high seedling establishment rate. The higher the viscosity of seedbed is, the higher the frequency of spiral per unit root length in the case of varieties which have a higher ability for establishment.

通过田间试验，研究了水稻品种间在淹水条件下表播成苗率的差异及影响成苗率的主要因素。品种间差异显着。成苗率低的主要原因是漂浮和幼苗期的死苗。这两个原因是相互独立的。漂浮苗的比例与植株长度、种子根长度和幼苗在水中的表观重量之间没有明显的相关性，这是漂浮苗导致幼苗不佳的原因。根尖旋转分析室内生长的幼苗使用频谱分析：最大熵法（MEM）。MEM谱分析表明，在0.1周波以上的频率范围内检测到的最大功率密度与田间试验中的成苗率高度正相关。结果表明，在淹水和极软土壤上，较大螺旋角的根尖旋转对水稻成苗起着重要作用。以IRRI核心种质的76个品种为材料，在低粘度（10- 20 cp）培养基上，测定了其螺旋根生长角度较大的幼苗比例。该百分比法是筛选高成苗率水稻品种的一种简便实用的方法。苗床粘度越高，成苗能力越强的品种单位根长螺旋频率越高。