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The Transformation in Shrine Appearence from the policy of Shinto-Buddhist Separation.

从神佛分离政策看神社面貌的转变。

基本信息

批准号：
09650699
负责人：
FUJISAWA Akira
金额：
$ 0.64万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

As an example of the Shinto-Buddhist separation policy, the case of two restructuring projects at Izumo Taisha shrine (Shimane Pref., Hikawa County, Taisha Town) in the years 1609 and 1667, were respectively considered. The earlier period was a time of co-learning between Shinto and Buddhism while the later was a time of separation. Through a comparison of the shrine at both stages of history, the social background was clarified in this study.Findings :Concerning Izumo Taisha after the Kencho restructuring (1609) :1) Having already been introduced by the end of the medieval age, a sutra chamber (rinzo), a three-storied pagoda (sanju noto), a Mahavairocana hail (dainichi-do), and a bell house (shoro), three Buddhist structures, all existed on the site.2) The shrine's main hall (honden), not resembling ancient structural characteristics, had strong decorations and possesed clearly Buddhist architectural influence.Concerning Izumo Taisha after the Kanbun restructuring (1667) :1) The Kanbu … More n restructuring began as a cooperative effort between Hongan (Buddhist monk active in such projects since the Age of Warring States), Kokuzoke (shrine high priest), and the provincial government of Matsue-han. There was initially no intent to separate Shinto and Buddhist architecture.2) The original shogunal plan for the shrine had specific Buddhist characteristics, therefore, an intent to separate Shinto and Buddhism architecture is not evident.3) Shinto-Buddhist separation policy began to affect the shrine's plan after the dismissal of Hongan in 1668, when the project was administered by the shrine and Matsue-han provincial officials alone.5) Resulting from intentional separation of Shinto and Buddhist architecture, as well as a "return to traditional styles, " the shrine's main hail finally exhibited strong lineal structures and a simple design.The landscape of Shinto-Buddhist separation :1) Initially, the friction between the high priest Kokuzoke and Hongan was not apparent. Problems arose with disagreement over proprietary economic rights and the directorship of the restructuring project..2) Requiring the permission of the shogunate and the strong support of Matsue-han to carry out Shinto Buddhist separation, Matsue-han governor, Matsudaira Naomasa, appointed Kurosawa Hirotada as provincial scholar-teacher of Confucianism, recommending an anti-Buddhist, Shinto-Confucian co-cultivation.3) While, at the heart of the Shinto-Buddhist separation policy was a movement toward ancient revival, the post-Kanbun shrine structure was a poor attempt at throwing off all Buddhist influence, somewhat following in design of its Kencho predecessor. Less

以1609年和1667年出云大沙神社（平川县岛根县大沙镇）的两次重建工程为例，分析了神教分离政策。早期是神道教和佛教相互学习的时期，而后期则是分离的时期。本研究通过对两个历史阶段的神社进行比较，厘清其社会背景。关于建初重建（1609年）后的出云大殿：1)在中世纪末期，已经引进了经堂（rinzo）、三层塔（sanju noto）、大瓦罗迦（dainichi-do）、钟楼（shoro）等三个佛教建筑。2)神社的大殿（honden），不像古代的结构特征，装饰强烈，具有明显的佛教建筑影响。关于观文重建（1667年）后的出云大沙：1)观文…更多的重建是弘安（从战国时代开始活跃于此的佛教僧侣）、国佐（神社大祭司）、松江汉道共同努力的结果。最初并没有打算将神道教和佛教建筑分开。2)最初的幕府计划神社具有特定的佛教特征，因此，将神道教和佛教建筑分开的意图并不明显。3) 1668年洪安被解职后，神道分离政策开始影响神社的计划，当时该项目由神社和松江汉道官员单独管理。5)由于有意将神道教和佛教建筑分离，以及“回归传统风格”，神社的主大厅最终呈现出强烈的线性结构和简单的设计。神道分离的情况：1)起初，大祭司国佐和弘安之间的摩擦并不明显。由于对经济产权和重组项目的董事资格存在分歧，出现了问题。2)松江总督松田直正要求幕府允许和松江汉大力支持实行神道分离，任命黑泽广田为省儒士，主张反佛、神道儒共修。3)虽然神道分离政策的核心是古代复兴运动，但后kanbun神社结构是一种摆脱佛教影响的糟糕尝试，有点像其前身Kencho的设计。少