Preparation of high performance sorbent material for metal concentration and separation by using chelation and ion-association as driving force and its application to the environmental trace metals analysis

1. 合成了硅胶固定化黄嘌呤酸（4,8 -二羟基喹啉-2-羧酸），并对其作为金属离子吸附剂的潜力进行了研究。硅胶固定化黄嘌呤酸对铜离子的吸附量约为50 μmol/g。这是硅胶固定化8-喹啉醇的两倍以上。在pH值为1、2和3以上的溶液中定量吸附了铜、铅和锌。pH值为4时，镉、镍、钴和钒被吸附。由于黄嘌呤在结构上有一个羧基，因此在比硅胶固定化8-喹啉醇更酸的条件下，许多金属离子被吸附。利用该吸附剂和ICP-AES或gfaas进行100倍预富集，可测定痕量金属铜、铅、镍、钴、镉、钒等亚μg/L的含量。以螯合和离子对萃取为原理，建立了痕量聚氧乙烯非离子表面活性剂的快速简便分析方法。采用三刺激比色仪作为快速、简便、现场测定痕量氰化物、亚铁和磷作为有色离子伴生物在膜过滤器上收集后的仪器。

1. A silica-gel immobilized xanthurenic acid (4, 8-dihydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid) was synthesized and it potential as an adsorbent for metal ions was studied. The silica-gel immobilized xanthurenic acid had an adsorption capacity of about 50 μmol/g for copper ion. This is more than twice that for silica-gel immobilized 8-quinolinol by the same method. Copper, lead and zinc were adsorbed quantitatively from the solution of over pH 1, 2 and 3, respectively.Cadmium, nickel, cobalt and vanadium were adsorbed over pH 4. Many metal ions were adsorbed under a more acidic condition than the adsorbent, silica-gel immobilized 8-quinolinol, because xanthurenic has a carboxyl group in the structure. It was possible to determine sub μg/L levels of trace metals, such as copper, lead, nickel, cobalt, cadmium and vanadium and so on, after a 100-fold preconcentration using this adsorbent and ICP-AES or GFAAS.2. Rapid and simple analysis method was developed for the determination of trace polyethylene oxide non-ionic surfactants using a chelation and an ion-pair extraction as principle.3. Tristimulus colorimeter was used as instrument for the rapid simple and on-site measurement of trace cyanide, ferrous and phosphorous after collection as colored ion associate on an membrane filter.