HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOPHYSIAL SYSTEM AND CONTROL OF GONADOTROPIN SECRETION IN THE ELASMOBRANCHS

本文研究了几种弹鳃动物如青蟹和孔斑蛙的下丘脑-垂体系统与促性腺激素分泌控制的关系。该项目的重点是：1)腺垂体激素在脑垂体中的分布；2)促性腺激素释放激素在脑中的分布；3)从腹叶中分离促性腺激素；4)建立角鱼促性腺激素的放射免疫分析方法。在本项目期间，本课题仅完成了腺垂体激素的分布研究。用角鱼GnRH和其他GnRH抗体对GnRH-神经系统的分布进行了广泛的研究。GnRH免疫反应阳性纤维在前脑丰富，但在下丘脑很少。虽然预期GnRH通过全身循环到达腹叶，但GnRH从哪里释放到血液循环仍不清楚。一个…更多的从腹叶分离促性腺激素的尝试没有成功，可能是由于高污染。以下是角鱼脑下垂体腺垂体激素分布的摘要。抗猪促肾上腺皮质激素和抗α-MSH阳性细胞分别位于吻侧远侧部和中间部。在远侧部近侧可见抗鲨鱼生长激素和抗鲟鱼生长激素的生长激素细胞。在中间部可见抗鲑鱼生长乳素染色的生长乳素细胞。然而，如果存在催乳素细胞，抗鲟鱼催乳素或抗鲑鱼催乳素检测不到。在腹叶，仅有一种细胞被糖蛋白激素或其亚单位的抗体染色阳性，而抗鲟鱼Gth IIβ、抗鲑鱼GTH、抗hCG和抗人TSHβ免疫反应较强。由于只检测到一种类型的糖蛋白激素细胞，因此很难知道那里是否同时存在GTH和TSH细胞。较少

Hypothalamo-hypophysial system was studied in some species of elasmobranchs, such as dogfish Scyliorhinus torazame, and common skate Raja porosa, in relation to the control of gonadotropin secretion. The project was focused on 1) distribution of adenohypophysial hormones in the pituitary, 2) distribution of gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRHs) in the brain, 3) isolation of gonadotropin from the ventral lobe, and 4) establishment of radioimmuno-assay of dogfish gonadotropin. During the term of this project the research subject was only completed on the distribution of adenohypophysial hormones. The distribution of GnRH-neuronal system was extensively studied using antibodies to dogfish GnRH and other GnRHs. Immunoreactive GnRH-fibers were abundantly observed in the forebrain, but they were few in number in the hypothalamus. Although it is expected that GnRH reaches the ventral lobe via general circulation, it is still unclear from where GnRH is released to the blood circulation. An a … More ttempt to isolate gonadotropin from the ventral lobe was unsuccessful, probably due to high contamination. The following is the abstract of the distribution of adenohypophysial hormones in the dogfish pituitary. ACTH cells and MSH cells stained with anti-porcine ACTH and anti-α-MSH were found in the rostral pars distalis and pars intermedia, respectively. Growth hormone (GH) cells stained with anti-shark GH and anti-sturgeon GH were found in the proximal pars distalis. Somatolactin cells stained with anti-salmon somatolactin were found in the pars intermedia. However, prolactin cells, if present, were not detected by anti-sturgeon prolactin or anti-salmon prolactin. In the ventral lobe, only one type of cells was stained positively by antibodies to glycoprotein hormones or their subunits, with stronger immuno-reaction by anti-sturgeon GTH IIβ, anti-salmon GTH, anti-hCG, and anti-human TSHβ. Since only one type of glycoprotein hormone cell was detected, it was difficult to know whether both GTH and TSH cells are present there. Less