分子系統解析の成果を形態形質(生殖構造の形質)で評価する―キキョウ目(キク目)を例にして

分子系统发育研究的数据迅速公布的各种植物类群，现在需要急剧变化的系统位置相当多的类群。该研究项目试图通过基于形态学的证据来评估分子研究的结果，即，胚胎学研究，特别是关于紫菀目。此外，鉴于各种植物类群的分子数据信息越来越多，我还对大戟科巴豆亚科和Drypeteae，Setchellanthus（位置最近还不确定），Takhtajania（Winteraceae）进行了研究。在巴豆亚科，与其他属相比，包括Adenocline在内的六个属具有薄的内珠被，缺乏维管束。与外群相比，与分子生物学研究结果相一致，这6个属可能位于亚科进化线的基部。传统上被归为叶下珠亚科（大戟科）的核果木属植物具有纤维状的外被膜、内皮和厚的内珠被，这些特征的结合表明核果木属植物不再被归为叶下珠亚科，而是被转移到了靠近红木科（Erythroxylaceae）和Rhizophoraceae的位置。这一结论与分子证据一致。Setchellanthus，其系统的位置一直不确定，被发现有一个匙形胚和非纤维exotegmen直的种子，并建议被定位在近基部的核心山柑。这个位置与分子证据所暗示的相符。分子生物学证据表明，Argophyllaceae（Asterales）的Argophyllum和Corokia具有与Asterales相适应的胚胎学特征。

Data of molecular phylogenetic studies are rapidly published for various plant groups, and are now requiring drastic changes of the systematic position of quite a few taxa. This research project has attempted to evaluate results of molecular studies by means of morphology-based evidence, I.e., embryological study particularly with respect to Asterales. Besides, in view of increasing information of molecular data for various plant groups, I have also worked with Crotonoideae and Drypeteae (Euphorbiaceae), Setchellanthus (position uncertain till recent time), Takhtajania (Winteraceae).Results of this research project are summarized as follows. In Crotonoideae, in contrast to other genera, six genera including Adenocline have a thin inner integument destitute of vascular bundles. Compared to outgroup, in agreement with results of molecular studies, the six genera are likely to be positioned basal in an evolutionary line of the subfamily. Drypeteae, traditionally placed in Phyllanthoideae (Euphorbiaceae), have a fibrous exotegmen, an endothelium, and a thick inner integument, and a combination of these features indicates that Drypeteae are no longer placed in Phyllanthoideae and rather he transferred to a position near Erythroxylaceae and Rhizophoraceae. This conclusion agrees with that from molecular evidence. Setchellanthus, whose systematic position had been uncertain, was found to have straight seeds with a spathulate embryo and a non-fibrous exotegmen and suggested to be positioned near-basal to the core Capparales. The position fits in with that suggested by molecular evidence. Argophyllum and Corokia of Argophyllaceae (Asterales) have embryological features suitable to Asterales as suggested by molecular evidence.