Tribo-Optimum Design of Fluid Bearings Considering Vibration and Its Experimental Verification

流体动力轴颈轴承已被广泛用于支持高速旋转机械，如涡轮机，压缩机和泵。特别是，在各种类型的流体动压径向轴承中，椭圆径向轴承由于其结构简单、制造成本相对较低以及由于高承载能力和稳定性而具有优越的上级耐久性而受到欢迎。因此，改善椭圆径向轴承在高速运行条件下的性能特性，提高旋转机械的质量，是一个重要的工程问题。高速椭圆滑动轴承的性能特性通常受多个轴承参数的影响，轴承设计人员通常采用传统的设计图表试凑法来选择设计变量。本文研究了用优化设计方法来改善高速动压滑动轴承的性能特性。 ...更多信息 并与实验结果进行了比较。（1）为改善高速动压滑动轴承的静、动态特性，提出了直接搜索法和二次规划法相结合的通用优化设计方法。(2)将优化设计方法应用于椭圆径向轴承的设计。在高速轴颈转速范围内，以油膜温升、泄漏油流量和涡动起始速度反转的加权和最小为目标，有效地确定了轴承长径比、轴承定位角、垂直间隙和水平间隙4个设计变量。(3)将优化后的轴承特性与随机选取的设计变量计算得到的轴承特性进行了比较，验证了优化设计的有效性。本文所提出的优化设计方法也可应用于其它类型的高速动压滑动轴承，如三叶轴承、偏置轴承、阶梯式可倾瓦轴承等。Less

Hydrodynamic journal bearings have been widely used to support high-speed rotating machinery such as turbines, compressors and pumps. Especially, among of various types of hydrodynamic journal bearings, elliptical journal bearings are popular because of their simple structure, relatively low manufacturing costs and superior durability due to the high load carrying capacity and stability. Therefore, it is an important engineering problem to improve the performance characteristics of elliptical journal bearings in the high-speed operation conditions for enhancing the quality of rotating machinery. Generally, as the performance characteristics of high-speed elliptical journal bearings are governed by a number of bearing parameters, the bearing designers usually try to select the design variables by the conventional trial and error method using many design charts.In this research work, the improvement of performance characteristics of high-speed hydrodynamic journal bearings by optimum des … More ign was developed and the results were compared with the experimental results. The conclusions are briefly summarized as follows :(1) The general optimum design methodology combining the direct search method and SQP was developed for improving the static and dynamic characteristics of high-speed hydrodynamic journal bearings.(2) The optimum design methodology developed was applied to the elliptical journal bearing design. The four design variables such as vertical and horizontal clearances, bearing length-to-diameter ratio and bearing orientation angle were determined effectively to minimize the weighted sum of oil film temperature rise, leakage oil flow rate and the inversion of whirl onset speed for a high-speed range of journal rotational speed.(3) The optimized bearing characteristics were compared with the characteristics calculated from the random selected design variables, and then the effectiveness of optimum design was confirmed. Moreover, the effectiveness was also confirmed experimentally.The optimum design methodology developed here can be easily applied to other types of high-speed hydrodynamic journal bearings such as three-lobe, offset, stepped tilting pad bearings etc. Less