Tribo-Optimum Design of Fluid Bearings Considering Vibration and Its Experimental Verification

流体动压滑动轴承已广泛用于支持高速旋转机械，如涡轮机，压缩机和泵。特别是，在各种类型的流体动力滑动轴承中，椭圆滑动轴承因其结构简单，制造成本相对较低以及由于高承载能力和稳定性而具有优异的耐久性而受到欢迎。因此，改善椭圆滑动轴承在高速运行条件下的性能特性，是提高旋转机械质量的重要工程问题。通常，由于高速椭圆滑动轴承的性能特性由许多轴承参数决定，轴承设计人员通常试图通过使用许多设计图表的常规试错方法来选择设计变量。本文研究了采用优化设计方法改善高速流体动压滑动轴承的性能特性，并与实验结果进行了比较。(1)为改善高速流体动压滑动轴承的静、动特性，提出了直接搜索法与SQP相结合的通用优化设计方法。(2)将所建立的优化设计方法应用于椭圆轴颈轴承的设计。在高速轴颈转速范围内，有效地确定了垂直和水平间隙、轴承长径比和轴承取向角等4个设计变量，使油膜温升、泄漏油流量和起旋速度反转的加权和最小。(3)将优化后的轴承特性与随机选取的设计变量计算得到的特性进行比较，验证优化设计的有效性。此外，实验也证实了该方法的有效性。本文开发的优化设计方法可以很容易地应用于其他类型的高速流体动力滑动轴承，如三瓣、偏置、阶梯倾斜垫轴承等。少

Hydrodynamic journal bearings have been widely used to support high-speed rotating machinery such as turbines, compressors and pumps. Especially, among of various types of hydrodynamic journal bearings, elliptical journal bearings are popular because of their simple structure, relatively low manufacturing costs and superior durability due to the high load carrying capacity and stability. Therefore, it is an important engineering problem to improve the performance characteristics of elliptical journal bearings in the high-speed operation conditions for enhancing the quality of rotating machinery. Generally, as the performance characteristics of high-speed elliptical journal bearings are governed by a number of bearing parameters, the bearing designers usually try to select the design variables by the conventional trial and error method using many design charts.In this research work, the improvement of performance characteristics of high-speed hydrodynamic journal bearings by optimum des … More ign was developed and the results were compared with the experimental results. The conclusions are briefly summarized as follows :(1) The general optimum design methodology combining the direct search method and SQP was developed for improving the static and dynamic characteristics of high-speed hydrodynamic journal bearings.(2) The optimum design methodology developed was applied to the elliptical journal bearing design. The four design variables such as vertical and horizontal clearances, bearing length-to-diameter ratio and bearing orientation angle were determined effectively to minimize the weighted sum of oil film temperature rise, leakage oil flow rate and the inversion of whirl onset speed for a high-speed range of journal rotational speed.(3) The optimized bearing characteristics were compared with the characteristics calculated from the random selected design variables, and then the effectiveness of optimum design was confirmed. Moreover, the effectiveness was also confirmed experimentally.The optimum design methodology developed here can be easily applied to other types of high-speed hydrodynamic journal bearings such as three-lobe, offset, stepped tilting pad bearings etc. Less