Interference Between Cnstituents in Spontaneous Ignition and Flame Propagation of Hydrocarbons

碳氢化合物自燃和火焰传播中成分之间的干扰

• 批准号: 09650239
• 负责人: ISHIYAMA Takuji
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09650239/
• 关键词: Internal Combustion Engines; Fuel; Hydrocarbons; Oxidation Process; Spontaneous Ignition; Flame Propagation; 火災伝播

The purpose of this study is to clarify fuel effects on spray ignition and ignition of premixture with attention to interference between constituents in fuels. First the change of fuel during its ignition process was investigated in chemical aspects using a gas sampling technique in a rapid compression machine and a flow reactor. The results show that the fuel breaks down to small hydrocarbons before rapid and large amount heat release begins due to temperature increase by heat supplied from adjacent initially oxidized mixture. The production rate of intermediate chemical species including the small hydrocarbons affects the ignition delay of a fuel spray.Secondly the relation between fuel-air mixing and fuel effect was discussed based on the results obtained by using a newly constructed constant volume vessel equipped with a high-pressure fuel injection system. Ignition delays and courses of pressure during ignition process were measured and examined at the injection pressure of 80-160MPa and with the nozzle hole diameter of 0.14-0.22mm. The results reveal that the fuel effect on ignition delay diminishes at the high-pressure injection case with small nozzle holes. The effect was observed only in the case of low ambient pressure in which the fuel oxidation speed is slower. It is supposed that fast temperature increase in local mixtures shortens the time necessary for accumulating small hydrocarbons due to rapid fuel-air mixing. In a certain rage of ambient temperature, straight chain saturated hydrocarbons are dominant sources to generate intermediate species, while aromatic hydrocarbons in fuels act as inactive species before ignition. This is the reason why the ignition is delayed when aromatics are added into fuels. Dependency of nominal activation energy on temperature is influenced not only by fuel composition but also by fuel-air mixing rate.

本研究的目的是澄清燃料对喷雾着火和预混合气着火的影响，并注意燃料中组分之间的干扰。首先在快速压缩机和流动反应器中采用气体取样技术研究了燃料在点火过程中的化学变化。结果表明，燃料分解成小碳氢化合物之前，快速和大量的热释放开始，由于温度升高，从相邻的初始氧化的混合物提供的热量。包括小分子碳氢化合物在内的中间组分的生成速率影响着燃油喷雾的着火延迟。其次，基于一个新构造的装有高压燃油喷射系统的定容容器所获得的结果，讨论了燃油-空气混合与燃油效应之间的关系。在喷油压力为80- 160 MPa、喷孔直径为0.14-0.22mm的条件下，对点火延迟期和点火过程中的压力变化进行了测量和分析。结果表明，在高压喷射和小喷孔情况下，燃料对着火延迟期的影响减小。只有在燃料氧化速度较慢的低环境压力的情况下才观察到这种效果。据推测，由于燃料-空气的快速混合，局部混合物的快速温度升高缩短了积累小碳氢化合物所需的时间。在一定的环境温度范围内，直链饱和烃是生成中间产物的主要来源，而燃料中的芳烃则是着火前的惰性产物。这就是为什么当在燃料中加入芳烃时点火延迟的原因。名义活化能对温度的依赖性不仅受燃料成分的影响，而且受燃料-空气混合比的影响。

项目成果

塩路昌宏: "天然ガスデュアルフュエル機関の燃焼特性" 日本機械学会関西支部第73期定時総会講演会. (1998)

Masahiro Shioji：“天然气双燃料发动机的燃烧特性”在日本机械工程学会关西分会第 73 届年会上的演讲（1998 年）。

三輪 惠: "流動反応装置による炭化水素燃料の熱分解・酸化過程に関する研究" 日本機械学会講演論文集. No.985-1. 167-168 (1998)

Kei Miwa：“使用流化反应器进行碳氢化合物燃料的热分解和氧化过程的研究”日本机械工程师学会会议记录第 985-168 号（1998 年）。

石山拓二: "希薄燃焼火花点火機関における排気特性への燃料影響" 第14回内燃機関シンポジウム講演論文集. 313-318 (1997)

Takuji Ishiyama：“燃料对稀燃火花点火发动机排气特性的影响”第 14 届内燃机研讨会论文集 313-318（1997 年）。

石山拓二: "天然ガスデュアルフュエル機関の燃焼特性" 日本機械学会講演論文集. No.984-1. 2-23-2-24 (1998)

Takuji Ishiyama：“天然气双燃料发动机的燃烧特性”日本机械工程师学会会议记录第 984-1 号（1998 年）。

池上 詢: "天然ガスデュアルフュエル機関の排気特性" 日本機械学会講演論文集. No.994-1. 2-3-2-4 (1999)

Yui Ikegami：“天然气双燃料发动机的排气特性”日本机械工程学会论文集第 994-1 号（1999 年）。