BONE DENSITY AND DIETARY LIFE OF WOMEN DURING THE PERIODS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENT AND PREGNANCY

用超声仪测量跟骨密度。对营养摄入、菜单选择能力和日常生活进行了调查。每日活动量用步数和心率监测仪测量。女大学生跟骨密度与生活因素(1)508名学生跟骨密度平均值为90.3。上、下两组的比较在饮食等诸多因素上存在显著差异。在运动和营养方面得分为正的受试者中，超过90%的人处于较高的水平。锻炼和日常活动对产生骨密度的回归方程有积极的贡献。(2)骨密度高的组有更高的日常活动和更大的心率比（睡眠与清醒）。(3)骨密度及其年际变化与菜单选择能力、运动时间呈显著正相关，上半组的菜单选择能力较好。(4)通过相似度或因子分析将各因素归纳为8个因素。当前习惯的主要因素有效地促成了增加组和减少组之间的区别。怀孕期间骨密度和饮食生活的变化(1)100名受试者的平均骨密度在怀孕期间从87.1下降到83.4。妊娠3期饮食感觉和行为出现波动，明显反映在营养摄入的变化上。改善饮食习惯可以明显预防骨密度下降。(2)妊娠期骨密度升高组与降低组比较，妊娠期目前的饮食感觉和行为、前期过去的生活习惯和血液成分，以及妊娠后期目前的饮食行为和营养摄入均存在明显差异。

Density of calcaneal bone was measured with an ultrasonic instrument. Nutrient intake, menu choice ability and daily life were also surveyed. Daily activity was measured with step and heart rate monitors.1.Density of calcaneal bone and life factors of female university students(1)Mean density was 90.3 for 508 students. Comparison between the upper and lower groups resulted in significant differences in many factors such as diet. More than 90% of the subjects with positive scores for exercise & nutrition was in the upper group. Exercise and daily activity positively contributed to a regression equation yielding bone density.(2)The upper group of bone density had higher daily activity and a larger heart rate ratio(sleep vs wake).(3)Positive and significant corelations were found between bone density or its annual changes and menu choice ability or exercise period The upper group had better menu choice ability.(4)Various factors were summarized into 8 factors either by their similarity or factor analysis. Major factors of the present habits effectively contributed to the discrimination between the increase and decrease groups.2.Changes in bone density and dietary life during pregnancy(1)Mean bone density for 100 subjects decreased from 87.1 to 83.4 during pregnancy. The dietary senses and behavior fluctuated during 3 periods of pregnancy, being clearly reflected in changes of nutrient intake. Improvement of dietary habits lead to clear prevention of the decrease in bone density.(2)Comparison between the increase and decrease groups in bone density during pregnancy showed clear differences in the present dietary senses and behavior, the past life habits and blood composition at the beginning period, and in the present dietary behaviors and nutrient intake at the latter period.