Positive Selektion in Drosophila melanogaster

果蝇的正选择

• 批准号: 86935370
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Wolfgang Stephan
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsbereich Dynamik der Natur
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/86935370?language=en
• 关键词: Positive; Selektion; Drosophila; melanogaster

The Drosophila melanogaster populations in the ancestral species range in Africa are considerably differentiated from the derived populations outside Africa. The colonization of the temperate regions outside Africa occurred relatively recently (for instance, in western Europe about 5000 years ago). Using the hitchhiking effect, we are studying the adaptive process associated with this “out-of-Africa” migration. That is, we seek to identify regions along the genome in which nucleotide variation is reduced through the recent occurrence of beneficial substitutions (“selective sweeps”). Specifically, we propose to re-sequence a newly collected sample of a European population of D. melanogaster using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Together with available polymorphism data from Africa, Asia and North America, this will allow us to infer the recent demographic history of this species in a comprehensive way using Bayesian methods. Furthermore, we will be able to identify the genes that have been the target of positive selection in the adaptation of D. melanogaster populations to their new environments outside Africa. In particular, we investigate the genetic basis of adaptation to the temperate climate by fine-mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cold tolerance by selective sweep analysis.

非洲黑腹果蝇的祖先种群与非洲以外的衍生种群有很大的差异。非洲以外温带地区的殖民化发生的时间相对较晚（例如，大约5000年前在西欧）。利用搭便车效应，我们正在研究与这种“走出非洲”迁移相关的适应过程。也就是说，我们试图通过最近发生的有益取代（“选择性扫描”）来确定基因组中核苷酸变异减少的区域。具体来说，我们建议使用下一代测序（NGS）技术对新收集的欧洲黑腹龙种群样本进行重新测序。结合来自非洲、亚洲和北美的多态性数据，这将使我们能够使用贝叶斯方法全面地推断该物种的近期人口统计学历史。此外，我们将能够确定在黑腹龙种群适应非洲以外新环境的过程中，哪些基因是积极选择的目标。特别地，我们通过选择性扫描分析精细定位耐寒数量性状位点（QTL）来研究适应温带气候的遗传基础。

项目成果

Adaptive Fixation in Two-Locus Models of Stabilizing Selection and Genetic Drift

• DOI: 10.1534/genetics.114.168567
• 发表时间: 2014-10-01
• 期刊: GENETICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Wollstein, Andreas;Stephan, Wolfgang
• 通讯作者: Stephan, Wolfgang

Positive Selection at the Polyhomeotic Locus Led to Decreased Thermosensitivity of Gene Expression in Temperate Drosophila melanogaster

多同源基因座的正选择导致温带果蝇基因表达的热敏感性降低

• DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.177030
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Genetics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: S. Laurent;M. Litovchenko;W. Stephan
• 通讯作者: W. Stephan

Searching for Footprints of Positive Selection in Whole-Genome SNP Data From Nonequilibrium Populations

• DOI: 10.1534/genetics.110.116459
• 发表时间: 2010-07-01
• 期刊: GENETICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Pavlidis, Pavlos;Jensen, Jeffrey D.;Stephan, Wolfgang
• 通讯作者: Stephan, Wolfgang

Selective Sweeps in Multilocus Models of Quantitative Traits

• DOI: 10.1534/genetics.112.142547
• 发表时间: 2012-09-01
• 期刊: GENETICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Pavlidis, Pavlos;Metzler, Dirk;Stephan, Wolfgang
• 通讯作者: Stephan, Wolfgang

Detecting strong positive selection in the genome

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02869.x
• 发表时间: 2010-09
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology Resources
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: W. Stephan