Development of piston-cylinder type high-pressure apparatus with small size and easy operation

为了了解地球上的自然现象(即岩浆的生成、输送和分离结晶，各种变质岩的形成等)。高压实验研究在地球科学中占有非常重要的地位。活塞缸是一种标准的高压装置，因为它的稳定性、压力校准精确、相对容易操作等。即使在基本的机器设计中已经建立了PC(活塞缸)装置，但启动高压实验实验室并不容易，因为1)PC装置昂贵(目前一台全套PC的成本高达1000万日元)，2)PC又重又笨重(大多数机器超过1000公斤，尺寸超过1x1x1m)，3)液压单元和电动单元至少在一开始就很难使用。为了方便还不习惯实验研究的地学实验室使用活塞式气缸装置，我们研制了两种小型…更多的活塞缸装置，成本低，体积小，重量轻，操作非常方便。A-1装置能够在常温下进行3.0 Gpa的实验，在高温(100-1600)下进行2.0-2.5 Gpa的实验。c)。A-1装置有直径1/2英寸的压力室和50公吨的液压闸板。它的重量只有95公斤，大小为0.29x0.5x0.2米。压力可被监测和控制，最高可达满标度的0.2%。包括加热装置在内的全套A-1的成本约为300万日元)。我们开发了另一台机器；K-2型，100吨力液压。K-2装置能够在常温下进行2.5 Gpa的实验，在高温下(100-1600)进行1.5-2.0 Gpa的实验。c)。K-2装置有直径3/4英寸的压力室。它的重量只有165公斤，大小为0.33x0.64x0.2米。压力可被监测和控制，最高可达满标度的0.2%。包括加热装置在内的一整套K-2的成本约为400万日元)。较少

In order to understand the natural phenomena in the earth (i.e., generation, transportation and fractional crystallization of magma, formation of various metamorphic rocks, etc.) high pressure experimental study is very important in earth sciences. Piston-cylinder is a standard high pressure apparatus because of its stability, precise pressure calibration, relatively easy handling, etc. Even though the PC (piston cylinder) apparatus is already established in the basic machine design, it is not easy to start a high pressure experimental laboratory because 1) PC apparatus is expensive (currently a full set PC would cost as much as 10,000,000 yen), 2) the PC is heavy and bulky (most machine is over 1000 kg and more than 1x1x1m in size), 3) the hydraulic unit and electric unit is difficult to use at least in the beginning.In order to facilitate the use of piston-cylinder apparatus in earth science laboratories which have not used to the experimental studies, we developed two types of small … More piston-cylinder apparatus with low cost, small size and weight, and very easy operation. The A-1 apparatus is capable of carrying out experiments to 3.0 GPa under room temperature and 2.0-2.5 GPa at high temperatures (100-1600。C). The A-1 apparatus has 1/2 inch diameter pressure chamber and 50tom force hydraulic ram. Its weight is only 95kg and 0.29x0.5x0.2m in size. The pressure can be monitored and controlled up to 0.2% of the full scale. Cost of a full set of A-1 including the heating device is approximately 3,000,000 yen). We developed another machine ; K-2 type with 100 ton force hydraulic. The K-2 apparatus is capable of carrying out experiments to 2.5GPa under room temperature and 1.5-2.0 GPa at high temperatures (100-1600。C). The K-2 apparatus has 3/4 inch diameter pressure chamber. Its weight is only 165kg and 0.33x0.64x0.2m in size. The pressure can be monitored and controlled up to 0.2% of the full scale. Cost of a full set of K-2 including the heating device is approximately 4,000,000 yen). Less