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Studies on Agronomic Traits and Potentialities of inter-specific F1 hybrid rices

种间杂交水稻F1农艺性状及潜力研究

基本信息

批准号：
09460012
负责人：
SUMI Akio
金额：
$ 9.09万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09460012/
关键词：
Drought resistance Dry matter productivity Inter-specific F1 hybrid rices Nitrogen utilization efficiency Photosynthetic activity Series Glaberrima Series Sativa Yielding ability イネF1雑種稈長個葉光合成光化学系水ストレス戻し交雑系統 F1雑種イネ F2種子

项目摘要

Oryza breviligulata, the ancestral species of African rice (O.glaberrima) showed wider ranges of inter-varietal variation in most of the characters observed than African rice, and the former was not inferior to the latter in dry matter productivity and yielding ability. In African rice, O.breviligulata and O.stapfii of series Glaberrima, and inter-specific F1 and F2 rices between African rice and O. breviligulata, however, higher tillering capacity were easy to connect with slenderer stem, and the dry matter production after heading was extremely small, as compared with Asian rice (O. sativa), O.rupfipogon, O.nivara and O. longistaminata of series Sattiva. These results suggest the possibilities and limitations of series Glaberrima strains as a genetic resource for the project of breeding African rice.African rice strains represented significantly high nitrogen utilization efficiency ( COィイD22ィエD2 exchange rate/nitrogen content in unit leaf area), high stomatal and mesophyll conductances in leaves with low nitrogen content, and high photosynthetic efficiency per unit Rubisco activity ( COィイD22ィエD2 exchange rate/total Rubisco activity). The high nitrogen utilization efficiency detected here is unique to African rice, and is consider to be an advantageous genetic character in photosynthesis. The introduction of such a character into O, sativa is regarded as a step toward the genetic improvement of leaf photosynthetic ability of this species grown in a nitrogen-input saved condition.From the responses of Rubisco activity, activity of the root and muximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) after stopping the water supply and re-watering, C174, African rice strain was judged to be more susceptible to water stress than C70 of Asian rice. The inter-specific F1 hybrid rices exceled remarkably C174 in recuperative power after re-watering. This suggests that inter-specific F1 hybrid rices can become pontoneers to introduce the drought resistance.

非洲稻（O.glaberrima）的祖先种短唇稻（Oryza breviligulata）在多数性状上表现出比非洲稻更大的品种间变异范围，在干物质生产力和产量能力上前者并不逊色于后者。在非洲稻中，短唇野螟（O.breviligulata）和光颖野螟（O.stapfii）以及非洲稻与短唇野螟（O. breviligulata）的种间F1和F2代。短舌稻的分蘖力高，易与细长茎联系在一起，抽穗后干物质生产量极低。sativa）、O.rupfipogon、O. Sattiva系列的longistaminata。这些结果表明，光壳属系列菌株作为非洲水稻育种遗传资源的可能性和局限性（CO_（12））D_2_D_2交换率/单位叶面积含氮量），低含氮量叶片气孔导度和叶肉导度高，和高的单位Rubisco活性光合效率（CO2-D22-D2交换率/总Rubisco活性）。高氮利用效率是非洲水稻所特有的，被认为是光合作用的一个有利遗传性状。从Rubisco活性、根系活力和最大量子效率（Fv/Fm）对断水和复水处理的响应来看，C174、C174和C174的光合速率分别为1.25 × 10 ~（-1）、1.25 × 10 ~（-1）和1.25 × 10 ~（-1），而C174和C174的光合速率分别为1.25 × 10 ~（-1）和1.25 × 10 ~（-1）。非洲水稻比亚洲水稻C70更易受水分胁迫的影响。种间杂种F1复水后的恢复力显著优于C174。这表明，种间杂交稻F1可以成为引入抗旱性的中间体。