THE PSYCHOSOCIAL MECHANISM ON THE DIFFERENCE IN HEALTH STATUS OF A WORKING POPULATION

本研究开始与伦敦白厅二期公务员研究进行数据比较。1997年，对宝冢市35岁及以上的1 652名公务员（1 100名男性和552名女性）进行了体检和问卷调查。1 543名参与者的体检结果(93。%)和1364名调查对象(83。4%)如下所示。男性吸烟率在文职人员或专业人员中约为40%，但在体力劳动者或消防员中超过60%。为了评估个人或组织的工作需求、工作控制和社会支持对主观健康的影响，本研究对130个部门的1138人（男性834人，女性304人）进行了多层次分析。主观健康状况不佳的人数为195人。在个人层面上，工作需求高的人比工作需求低的人更有可能（OR=2.23）主观健康状况不佳。在组织（部门）层面，工作需求高率部门的员工主观健康状况较差的可能性（OR=1.36）高于工作需求高率部门的员工。

This study started to have a comparative data with the Whitehall II study of civil servants in London. In 1997 medical examinations and a questionnaire survey were conducted for 1, 652 (1, 100 men and 552 women) of civil servants aged 35 and older of Takarazuka city. The results of the medical examinations of 1, 543 participants (93. %) and those of the questionnaire of 1, 364 respondents (83. 4%) are shown below.Smoking rate in men was about 40% among clerical or professional workers, but it was over 60% among manual workers or firemen.To evaluate the effect of job demand, job control and social support either in individuals or in organizations on subjective health, multilevel analysis was conducted on 1, 138 (834 men and 304 women) of 130 departments, where there were 4 or more respondents of the questionnaire. A number of those with poor subjective health was 195. In individual levels, those with higher job demand were more likely (OR=2.23) to have poor subjective health than those with lower job demand. In organizational (department) level, those who belong to departments with higher rate of higher job demand were more likely (OR=1.36) to have poor subjective health than those who belong to departments with lower rate of higher job demand.