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Chronological Research of the hominid fossil tibia from Sambungmacan, Jawa

爪哇 Sambungmacan 原始人类化石胫骨的年代学研究

基本信息

批准号：
09440283
负责人：
MATSUURA Shuji
金额：
$ 4.1万
依托单位：
Ochanomizu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09440283/
关键词：
Indonesia Java Man dating fossil bone constituent analysis human evolution palaeoanthropology anthropology

项目摘要

In September 1977, a fossilized shaft fragment of a hominid right tibia was found together with faunal remains from the Solo River short-cut canal site at Sambungmacan in Central Jawa, Indonesia. The Plio-Pleistocene sediments exposed at the site consist of the Kalibeng, Kabuh and Setri Formations in ascending order. While the exact findspot of the hominid tibia (surface discovery) in the field is unknown, the fluorine content of this specimen has been found to correspond to that of vertebrate bones in situ from the Kabuh and Setri Formations, and has thus suggested that the Sambungmacan tibia would be referred to a fossil hominid which may be included in 'Java Man' or 'Solo Man'. However, in the case of Sambungmacan, we could not settle the stratigraphic provenance (the Kabuh Formation or the Setri Formation? ) of the tibia with the fluorine analysis alone, and the clarification of its antiquity has awaited further research. Recent studies have shown that a new geochemical approach by multielement analyses of bone using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometry, in company with the fluorine assay, is very effective for purposes of provenance discrimination of fossil bones from the Sangiran area, Central Jawa ; and have assisted the geochronological placement of the Sangiran hominids. This report is concerned with the application of the multielement approach to the Sambungmacan tibia. The results imply that the hominid tibia in question has its origin in the Kabuh Formation. The present approach would be promising for the clarification of the stratigraphic provenance of the hominid braincase found from Sambungmacan in 1973. The antiquity of the tibia may also have a significant bearing on the ongoing controversy surrounding the geological age of the hominid femora from Trinil which led the species name of Pithecanthropus (now Homo) erect us.

1977 年 9 月，在印度尼西亚爪哇中部 Sambungmacan 的梭罗河短切运河遗址中发现了一块原始人右胫骨轴化石以及动物遗骸。现场暴露的普里奥-更新世沉积物按升序由 Kalibeng、Kabuh 和 Setri 地层组成。虽然野外原始人胫骨（地表发现）的确切发现地点尚不清楚，但已发现该标本的氟含量与 Kabuh 和 Setri 地层原位脊椎动物骨骼的氟含量相对应，因此表明 Sambungmacan 胫骨可能是指可能包含在“爪哇人”或“独行人”中的原始人化石。然而，就Sambungmacan而言，仅靠氟分析无法确定胫骨的地层来源（Kabuh组还是Setri组？），其古老性的澄清有待进一步研究。最近的研究表明，使用电感耦合等离子体（ICP）光谱法对骨骼进行多元素分析的新地球化学方法与氟测定相结合，对于鉴别中爪哇桑吉兰地区化石骨骼的来源非常有效；并协助桑吉兰原始人类的地质年代定位。本报告涉及多元素方法在 Sambungmacan 胫骨中的应用。结果表明，所讨论的原始人类胫骨起源于卡布组。目前的方法有望澄清 1973 年在 Sambungmacan 发现的原始人类脑壳的地层起源。胫骨的古老性也可能对围绕特林尼尔原始人类股骨地质时代的持续争论产生重大影响，正是这种争论导致我们将种名命名为猿人（现在的智人）。