Diversification of Family Relationships and Family Welfare Policy

本研究旨在通过与瑞典的比较，探讨家庭关系多样化与家庭福利政策之间的关系。具体问题如下：（1）家庭关系是如何多样化的？(2)家庭福利政策背后隐藏着什么样的意识形态？(3)家庭福利政策及其意识形态如何影响家庭生活和工作？调查问卷是向丈夫出生于1938年至1978年之间的已婚夫妇发送的，这些夫妇是从大坂府4个城市的每个自治机构的合格人员名单中随机选出的。本研究以862对夫妻（862位妻子，862位丈夫）为研究对象，研究结果表明：（1）夫妻双方对家庭的态度和价值观，以及家庭生活的实际状况，都因夫妻双方和工作形式的不同而不同。（2）与瑞典调查的比较表明，两国之间的夫妻关系非常不同。例如，与日本男性相比，瑞典男性更多地从事家务劳动，并强烈支持男女平等。（3）家庭福利政策及其意识形态影响个人和夫妻生活的各个方面。

The study was undertaken to investigate relations between diversification of family relationships and family welfare policies, comparing with Sweden. The specific questions were addressed as follows : (1) how family relationship are diversified? (2) what ideologies are hidden behind family welfare policies? (3) how family welfare policies and their ideologies affect family life and work?The questionnaire was sent to married couples where husbands were born between 1938 * 1978, randomly selected from a listing of eligible people in each self-governing body in 4 cities in the Prefecture of Osaka. The subjects were 862 couples (862 wives, 862 husbands), living in nuclear family households.The results of the study indicated following findings :(1)Not only attitudes and values regarding family, but also actual conditions of family life were diversified according to husbands-wife and different forms of working.(2)Comparison with the Swedish Survey indicated that husbands-wife relationships were very different between two countries. For instance, compared with Japanese men, men in Sweden were much more engaged in housework and strongly support the equality of men and women.(3)Family welfare policies and their ideologies affected various aspects of individuals' and couples' lives.