Diversification of Family Relationships and Family Welfare Policy

这项研究旨在调查家庭关系多样化与家庭福利政策之间的关系，并与瑞典进行比较。具体问题如下：(1)家庭关系是如何多样化的？(2)家庭福利政策背后隐藏着什么意识形态？(3)家庭福利政策及其意识形态如何影响家庭生活和工作？调查问卷是从大阪府4个城市每个自治机构的合格人员名单中随机挑选出来的，对象是丈夫在1938年至1978年出生的已婚夫妇。研究对象为862对生活在核心家庭中的夫妇(妻子862人，丈夫862人)。研究结果表明：(1)家庭态度和价值观不仅因夫妻和工作形式的不同而不同，而且家庭生活的实际情况也因夫妻和工作形式的不同而不同。(2)与瑞典调查的比较表明，两国的夫妻关系存在很大差异。例如，与日本男性相比，瑞典男性更多地从事家务，并强烈支持男女平等。(3)家庭福利政策及其意识形态影响着个人和夫妇生活的各个方面。

The study was undertaken to investigate relations between diversification of family relationships and family welfare policies, comparing with Sweden. The specific questions were addressed as follows : (1) how family relationship are diversified? (2) what ideologies are hidden behind family welfare policies? (3) how family welfare policies and their ideologies affect family life and work?The questionnaire was sent to married couples where husbands were born between 1938 * 1978, randomly selected from a listing of eligible people in each self-governing body in 4 cities in the Prefecture of Osaka. The subjects were 862 couples (862 wives, 862 husbands), living in nuclear family households.The results of the study indicated following findings :(1)Not only attitudes and values regarding family, but also actual conditions of family life were diversified according to husbands-wife and different forms of working.(2)Comparison with the Swedish Survey indicated that husbands-wife relationships were very different between two countries. For instance, compared with Japanese men, men in Sweden were much more engaged in housework and strongly support the equality of men and women.(3)Family welfare policies and their ideologies affected various aspects of individuals' and couples' lives.