Calcium Regulation of Plant Productivity (CROPP)

有效的生长和发育是植物生产力的基本因素，它们取决于许多生物和非生物因素。因此，植物易受多种刺激的影响，这些刺激触发影响植物发育和代谢内容的遗传调节程序的启动。钙一直被认为是植物中最重要的信号成分之一，对于激活环境胁迫反应以及发育过程至关重要。缺钙与许多作物病害有关，如苹果的苦痘病和各种作物的根腐病。土壤钙还影响植物对病原菌的敏感性。然而，我们的总体理解的一般原则指导钙信号级联调节植物生长，发育和胁迫反应仍然是支离破碎的。这是一个谜，一个单一的离子如何能够整合如此多的不同的环境信号，并以不同的方式调节许多细胞过程。了解钙在细胞和器官水平上的作用是利用内在钙信号程序提高植物生产力的先决条件。CROPP的科学目标是增加我们对钙介导的控制植物生长和发育过程的一般原理的理解。CROPP将讨论钙信号在光暗转换触发发育反应和对环境压力和激素的反应中的作用。此外，我们将使用人工诱导的钙升高来分析独立于主要刺激的细胞反应。由于基于钙的信号传导的原理及其组分对所有植物是共同的，并且关键调控组分是遗传学上保守的，因此将评估用模型系统获得的知识和结果，并将其用于改进作物植物中的生物技术相关性状。

Efficient growth and development are essential factors for plant productivity and they depend on a number of biotic and abiotic factors. Thus, plants are susceptible to a great variety of stimuli that trigger the onset of genetically conditioned programs influencing plant development and metabolic content. Calcium has long been acknowledged as one of the most important signalling components in plants and is crucial for the activation of environmental stress responses as well as for developmental processes. Calcium deficiency has been associated with many crop diseases, such as the apple disease "Bitter pit" and the "End-rot" in various crops. Soil calcium also has influence on the susceptibility of plants to pathogens. Nevertheless, our overall understanding of the general principles guiding the calcium signalling cascades in regulating plant growth, development and stress response remains fragmented. It is an enigma, how a single ion can integrate so many distinct environmental signals and regulate many cellular processes in a differential fashion. Understanding the role of calcium on a cellular as well as organismic level is a pre-requisite to exploit the intrinsic calcium signalling program to improve plant productivity.The scientific aim of CROPP is to increase our understanding of general principles in calciummediated processes that govern plant growth and development. CROPP will address the role of calcium signalling during light-dark transition triggering developmental responses and in response to environmental stress and hormones. In addition, we will analyse the cellular responses independent from the primary stimulus using artificially induced calcium elevations. Because the principle of calcium-based signalling and its components are common to all plants and key regulatory components are phylogenetically conserved, knowledge and results obtained with model systems will be assessed and utilised for improvement of biotechnological relevant traits in crop plants.