Thermal Analysis of Structures and its Inverse Analysis

许多土木工程结构暴露在自然环境中，因此，它们受到气候变化的影响。本研究的目的是通过模拟自然现象来探讨自然对结构的影响。为了达到这一目的，必须建立构筑物与周围环境之间的界面模型。影响它们温度变化的外部因素是气象活动，如气温、太阳辐射、天空辐射、风速和水蒸发。还需要考虑的是密度、比热和建筑物及其周围土壤的导热系数，以及热源（如果存在）。其中最复杂的是结构面与周围环境的界面条件。要考虑对流换热、短波辐射和长波辐射，并在地表受水时进一步考虑潜热。通过结合交叉模型的传热分析，可以估计结构体的热变化。这里的一个问题是接口模型的验证。还与一家私营公司进行联合研究，并进行了实地试验，以观察建筑物与气象因素之间的相互作用。在一年多的时间里监测了向上和向下的太阳辐射、向上和向下的天空辐射、露点温度、风速和混凝土的体温。通过实验，旨在建立适应季节和天气变化的界面模型。从所有结果来看，很明显，除了雨天，混凝土的体温对环境的影响可以很好地估计出来。

Many civil engineering structures are exposed to the natural environment and thus, they are subjected to the change of climate. It is the purpose of this study to investigate the effects of the nature on the structures by modeling the natural phenomenon. In order to achieve the purpose, it is essential to establish an interface model between the structures and the surrounding environment.External factorsthat affecttemperature change in them aremeteorological actions such as air temperature, solar radiation, sky radiation, wind velocity, and water evaporation. Also those which need to be considered are the densities, specific heats and thermal conductivity of a structure and surrounding soil, and a heat source if it exists. The most complicated is the interface condition between sfructural surfre and the surrounding environment. Convective heat transfer, short wave radiation and long wave radiation have to be taken into consideration and further latent heat should be included is the suifaceis watered. Throughthe heat transfer analysis along with the interflice model, thermal change in a body of structure can be estimated.A question here is verification of the interface model. Joint research with a private company is also undertaken and a field expenment has been conducted to observe the interaction between a structure and meteorological factors. The upward and downward solar radiation, the upward and downward sky radiation, dewpoint temperature, wind velocity and body temperature of concrete have been monitored over one year. Through the experiment, it is aimed to establish the interface model that meets the seasonal as well as weather changes. Judging from over all outcomes, it has become apparent that a body temperature of concrete to the environmental effects can be very well estimated except the period of rainy days.