Archaeological Study on the Vicissitudes of Ancient Egypt Cities

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Three seasons of investigation on the northern edge of the ancient city area have provided us with numerous data concerning the indistinct periods ; one from the Late to the Ptolemaic Periods and another from the post-Akoris, in the vicissitudes of the city. The data is as follows :(1) The north part of the Late Period city wall was unearthed.(2) The Ptolemaic masonry work area constructed after the demolition of the city wall was revealed. Two unfinished columns, plus huge stone blocks, and some masonry equipment remain in good condition. they are important to the study of how these huge blocks were manufactured and removed.(3) Numerous Agean products, such as amphoras imported from the Rhodes, were found. The Ptolemaic long-distant trade were known.(4) The Ptolemaic stone blocks and mud brick walls followed the direction of the Late Period. The Ptolemaic political power seems not to have altered the city plan such as Roman Empire.(5) The Coptic city area extended to the north across the city wall.(6) After the downfall of Akoris in ca. 700 A. D., human activities became sprightly in the north area adjacent to Akoris during the 10th-11th centuries A. D. under the Fatima Dynasty. This was the ancestor of the present Tehneh.Thus the long-term vicissitude of Akoris from the Late Period to the Medieval Age can be retraced based on the archaeological materials.