Field Research of Tanya System in Hungary

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This project is to investigate the history and the present situation of the tanyas (isolated villages) which are seen in the Great Plain in Hungary. The world of tanyas were divided into three areas ; 1) tanyas near Kecskemet, 2) in Bekes county, and 3) near Szeged. As the case studies, tanyas around village Szentkiraly, around town Kondros, and around village Bornany were respectively investigated. Not only the histories of each tanya world were studied, the present situations of the tanyas were investigated by way of interviews of 20 tanyas from the three areas.In general, 4 or 5 tanyas among 20 tanyas were slowly proceeding the way for the "farmers", while about 10 were just keeping simple reproduction and the rest were declining. The prosperous tanyas were keen to the needs of the market and active in exploring new products and ways of farming. But compared to the situation of the tanyas in the socialist regime, most of the present tanyas were suffering from the lack of the network of marketing and the financial support.This project also tried to compare the tanyas with the isolated villages in Tonami town in Toyama prefecture in Japan.