Comparative Studies on a New Industrial Model between Sweden and Japan

瑞典与日本新型产业模式比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
09041089
负责人：
SHINODA Takashi
金额：
$ 5.44万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Sweden economy is more and more entangled in the global competition as globalization is deepening beside the state has become a member of the EU. Today, in acutual fact globalization means globalization of neoliberalism. Sweden has built an highly advanced welfare state, with the slogan of "equality and growth" at least until the 1970s. However, it seems, Sweden has also been directed towards neo-liberal starategy, as the Swedish model began to stumble from the beginning of the 1980s.This research program focuses, among current trends, on changes in the labour/industrial relations that have supported the Swedish model. So, what are characteristics of the changes in labor/industrial relations? First of all, they are : decentralization of wage negotiation, individualization of wage, as well as diversity of employment and functional flexibility of labor. Secondly, "Efficiency and good work" has become a common objective for both management and labor. With this objective, work organization … More s have changed and management and labor have reached a common recognition that competence development which sustains work development is crucial importance. Thirdly, under these circumstances, "gray-colonization" of blue-collar workers has been accelerated. This, in turn, has promoted so called co-worker agreements and is now backing up the trend of single union.Fourthly, it is a change to the trend of the new wage systems. It shows ladder-style wage curves : it is constituted on the basis of job rates ; the degrees of ability and capacity of workers gives ranges. This is somewhat different from more performance of oriented wage systems in Japan ; the Japanese wage systems are recently transformed from the one with emphasis on workers potential ability towards the one that gives more importance on individual performance as so called realized ability. In this sense, it seems individualization of wage (and wage negotiation) is currently taking different forms in Sweden and Japan. Fifthly, it is a change of negotiation system because wage systems based on individual competence best match to negotiations within each company. Sixthly, active labor market policy is not effect-ively to play a good role. The problem of unemployment has reached a new phase, that is, the phase of job creation. It has become very important to take regional policy measures. We think these changes do not mean simply that Sweden. is entering into the way of neoliberalism because unions have held still a strong negotiation power and cooperative mind among unions and managements has not disapeared still. Less

瑞典的经济在全球竞争中越来越纠缠，因为全球化正在加深，该州已成为欧盟的成员。如今，在急性事实中，全球化意味着新自由主义的全球化。瑞典已经建立了高级福利国家，至少直到1970年代，“平等与成长”的口号。然而，似乎瑞典也针对新自由主义的星空，因为瑞典模式从1980年开始就开始偶然发现。这项研究计划在当前的趋势中，集中在支持瑞典模型的实验室/工业关系的变化上。那么，实验室/工业关系变化的特征是什么？首先，它们是：工资谈判的权力下放，工资个性化以及就业多样性和劳动的功能灵活性。其次，“效率和良好的工作”已成为管理和劳动的共同目标。有了这个目标，工作组织……越来越多，管理和劳动力已经达到了共同的认识，即保持工作发展的能力发展至关重要。第三，在这种情况下，蓝领工人的“灰色殖民化”已经加速。反过来，这又促进了所谓的同事协议，现在正在支持单个工会的趋势。它显示了阶梯式工资曲线：它是根据工作率构成的；工人的能力和能力程度给出了范围。这与日本的面向工资系统的表现有所不同。日本工资系统最近从一个工资系统转变为强调工人的潜在能力，即一种更重要的能力，即所谓的实现能力。从这个意义上讲，似乎个性化工资（以及工资谈判）目前正在瑞典和日本采取不同的形式。第五，这是谈判制度的变化，因为基于个人能力的工资系统最能与每个公司内的谈判进行匹配。第六名，积极的劳动力市场政策无效地发挥了出色的作用。失业问题已经达到了一个新阶段，即创造就业的阶段。采取区域政策措施已经变得非常重要。我们认为这些变化并不意味着瑞典。正在进入新自由主义的方式，因为工会在工会和管理层之间仍然具有强大的谈判能力和合作的思想，并没有消除。较少的