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Studies on species diversity of microfungiin Chinese soil

中国土壤微真菌物种多样性研究

基本信息

批准号：
09041170
负责人：
HORIE Yoshikazu
金额：
$ 4.48万
依托单位：
Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09041170/
关键词：
aspergillosis China Emericella human mycosis mycotoxin fungi pathogenic fungi soil fungi Xinjiang カビ毒生産菌子のう菌類不完全菌類 Aspergillus Emericella 菌類新彊

项目摘要

A total of 1869 soil samples collected from 7 areas, 72 places in Xinjiang, China were used for isolation of oportunistic pathogenic fungi and mycotoxin producing fungi. The soil fungi were isolated by using the soil plate method on Czapeks agar, incubating the plates at 37 C for 10 days. The most common oportunitic pathogenic Aspergilli were Aspergillus flavus (5.1%), A. fumigatus (46.3%), A. neoellipticus (5.1%), A. niger. (19.4%), A. terreus (28.8%), Emericella spp. (25.3%), Neosartorya spp. (0.6%) and Petromyces alliaceus (3.4%). The frequencies of A. fumigatus are bight at the wasteland, steppe, field and paddy. A, niger, A. terreus and Emericella spp. Are bight at the field and paddy. Namely these Aspergilli are widely distributed in soil at dry area in Xinjiang Province. Emericella spp. Detected on 473 soil samples, 25.3% of the total samples. E. acristata, E. appenduculata, E. miyajii, E. nidulans, E. nidulans var. lata, E. qinqixianii and E. quadrilineata have been isolated from soil. E. appenduculata and E. qinqixianii have been reported as new taxon. E. appenduculata was isolated from damp grassland soil, Pamire plateau. The ascospores of E. appenduculata are characterized by ornamentation of convex surfaces which is composed of capitate swellings, and hyaline, filiform appendages. E. qinqixianii was isolated from desert soil at Taklimakan desert. The ascospores of E. qinqixianii are charactered by ornamentation of convex surfaces which is smooth, and hyaline, filiform appendages.

从新疆7个地区72个地点采集土壤样品1869份，进行了机会致病真菌和产毒素真菌的分离。通过使用土壤平板法在Czapeks琼脂上分离土壤真菌，将平板在37 ℃下孵育10天。最常见的致病菌为黄曲霉（5.1%）、曲霉（5.1%）、曲霉（5.1%）、曲霉（5.1%）、曲霉（5.1%）。烟曲霉A. neoellipticus（5.1%）、拟扁管藻A.尼日尔. (19.4%），A.土生菌（28.8%）、裸孢菌属（Emericella spp.）(25.3%）、奈氏菌属（Neutraltorya spp.）(0.6%）和葱岩腔菌（3.4%）。A.烟曲霉在荒地、草原、田野和稻田中出没。A，尼日尔，黑曲霉A. terreus和Emericella spp.在田野和稻田里嬉戏。在新疆干旱地区土壤中广泛分布。裸孢菌属共检出土壤样品473份，占样品总数的25.3%。E. acristata、刺萼艾美球虫E. appenduculata、E. miyajii、米氏E. nidulans、E.巢状变种lata，E. qinqixianii和E. quadrilineata已经从土壤中分离出来。E. appenduculata和E. qinqixianii为新分类群。appenduculata分离自帕米尔高原潮湿草地土壤。E.附肢的特征是由头状的表皮和透明的丝状附属物组成的凸面平行排列。E.从塔克拉玛干沙漠的荒漠土壤中分离到qinqixianii。E.秦旗仙虫的特征是表面光滑，具透明丝状附属物。