Studies on species diversity of microfungiin Chinese soil

对新疆7个地区72个地点的1869份土壤样品进行了机会致病性真菌和产霉菌毒素真菌的分离。采用chapapeks琼脂土板法分离土壤真菌，37℃培养10 d。最常见的机会致病性曲霉为黄曲霉（5.1%）、烟曲霉（46.3%）、新椭圆曲霉（5.1%）、黑曲霉（5.1%）。（19.4%）、陆角霉（28.8%）、Emericella（25.3%）、Neosartorya（0.6%）和alliaceus（3.4%）。烟曲霉在荒地、草原、田间和水田的发生频率较低。黑穗虫、黑霉、土霉和青霉在田间和稻田里都很常见。即这些曲霉广泛分布于新疆省干旱地区的土壤中。在473份土壤样品中检出Emericella spp.，占总样品的25.3%。已从土壤中分离到e.acristata、e.appenduculata、e.miyajii、e.nidulans、e.nidulans vara . lata、e.qinqixianii和e.quadrilineata。本文报道了新分类单元E. appenduculata和E. qinqixianii。从帕米尔高原潮湿的草地土壤中分离到尾尾莲。子囊孢子的特征是由头状突起组成的凸面纹饰和透明的丝状附属物。从塔克拉玛干沙漠土壤中分离到秦七仙杆菌。秦其仙子囊孢子具有凹凸光滑的纹饰和透明的丝状附属物。

A total of 1869 soil samples collected from 7 areas, 72 places in Xinjiang, China were used for isolation of oportunistic pathogenic fungi and mycotoxin producing fungi. The soil fungi were isolated by using the soil plate method on Czapeks agar, incubating the plates at 37 C for 10 days. The most common oportunitic pathogenic Aspergilli were Aspergillus flavus (5.1%), A. fumigatus (46.3%), A. neoellipticus (5.1%), A. niger. (19.4%), A. terreus (28.8%), Emericella spp. (25.3%), Neosartorya spp. (0.6%) and Petromyces alliaceus (3.4%). The frequencies of A. fumigatus are bight at the wasteland, steppe, field and paddy. A, niger, A. terreus and Emericella spp. Are bight at the field and paddy. Namely these Aspergilli are widely distributed in soil at dry area in Xinjiang Province. Emericella spp. Detected on 473 soil samples, 25.3% of the total samples. E. acristata, E. appenduculata, E. miyajii, E. nidulans, E. nidulans var. lata, E. qinqixianii and E. quadrilineata have been isolated from soil. E. appenduculata and E. qinqixianii have been reported as new taxon. E. appenduculata was isolated from damp grassland soil, Pamire plateau. The ascospores of E. appenduculata are characterized by ornamentation of convex surfaces which is composed of capitate swellings, and hyaline, filiform appendages. E. qinqixianii was isolated from desert soil at Taklimakan desert. The ascospores of E. qinqixianii are charactered by ornamentation of convex surfaces which is smooth, and hyaline, filiform appendages.