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Ecological study on pathogenic and toxigenic fungi in China

中国致病产毒真菌生态学研究

基本信息

批准号：
06041134
负责人：
HORIE Yoshikazu
金额：
$ 5.06万
依托单位：
Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041134/
关键词：
Myoctoxin Pathogenic fungi Soil fungi China Aspergillus Emericella Neosartorya Ochratoxin Petromyces アスペルギルス黒色真菌

项目摘要

In order to clarify the distribution of pathogenic fungi, carcinogenic and tremorgenic mycotoxin-producing fungi in China, we carried out a survey by using 1719 soil samples collected in eight areas, namely Beijing, Haerbin, Jiamusi, Jinan, Nanjing, Xian and Yinchuan.Aspergilli were isolated by using the soil-plate method on Czapek's agar, incubating the plates at 37ﾟC for 10 days.These fungi were isolated at Research Center Medical Mycology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing.The most common Aspergilli were Aspergillus flavus, A.fumigatus, A.neoellipticus, A.niger, A.terreus, Emericella spp., Neosartorya spp.and Petromyces alliaceus.Emericella species were identified as E.acristata, E.nidulans, E.quadrilineata, E.rugulosa, E.undulata and a new species of Emericella.Neosartorya species were identified as N.fischeri, N.glabra, E.quadeincta and N.spinosa.In 1112 of soil samples (64.7%), A.fumigatus was recognized.A higher occurrence was generally demonstrated in samples collected from B … More eijing (positive samples : 56%), Haerbin (68%), Jiamusi (88%), Jinan (72%), Nanjing (61%), Xian(85%) and Yinchuan (25%).A.flavus was recognized in 245 of these soil samples (14.3%), A.terreus in 538 of soil samples (31.3%), Emericella spp.in 760 soil samples (44.2%), and P.alliaceus in 160 soil samples (9.3%), respectively.The frequencies of A.fumigatus, A.flavus, A.niger, A.terreus and Neosartorya species were high at the Beijing, Haerbing, Jiamus, Jinan, Nanjing and Xian, namely humid and semi-arid areas while low at the desert area, Yinchuan.However, A.neoellipticus and Emericella species higher at the sem-arid and desert areas, but not so at humid areas.Namely these mycotoxin producing Aspergilli and pathogenic Aspergilli are widely distributed in soil in China.For the 70 isolates of P.alliaceus from soil their ability to produce ochratoxin A was examined on the MYA medium at 25 ﾟC for 21 days.The following ochratoxin A producers were found by HPLC.As a result, all tested strains of P.alliaceus were positive for ochratoxin A production with ranged between 0.8-146.1 mug/ml of the MYA medium. Less

为明确我国致病真菌、致癌真菌和致颤真菌的分布，对北京、哈尔滨、佳木斯、济南、南京、西安和银川8个地区1719份土样进行了调查，采用查氏琼脂平板法分离出致病真菌、致癌真菌和致颤真菌，并对致病真菌进行了鉴定。这些真菌是在北京医科大学医学真菌学研究中心分离的。最常见的曲霉是黄曲霉、烟曲霉、新椭圆曲霉、黑曲霉、土曲霉、裸孢霉属，在1112个土壤样品中，烟曲霉属的检出率为64.7%，其中B区土壤中烟曲霉的检出率较高，其次为N.fischeri、N. glabra、N.quadeincta和N.spinosa ...更多信息阳性样本：黄曲霉菌检出率为14.3%，土曲霉菌检出率为31.3%，裸孢菌检出率为44.2%。烟曲霉、黄曲霉、黑曲霉、土曲霉和奈氏酵母在北京、哈尔滨、佳木斯、济南、南京和西安等湿润半干旱地区的分布频率较高，而在银川等荒漠地区分布频率较低，但烟曲霉、黄曲霉、黑曲霉、土曲霉和奈氏酵母的分布频率较低。在半干旱和荒漠地区，在我国土壤中广泛分布有产赭曲霉毒素的真菌和致病性真菌，对70株土壤中分离的蒜霉进行了赭曲霉毒素A的测定，结果表明，在潮湿地区，产赭曲霉毒素A的真菌和致病性真菌的产赭曲霉毒素A的能力较低，而在潮湿地区则较低。结果表明，所有供试的葱霉菌株在MYA培养基中的赭曲霉毒素A产生量在0.8-146.1 μ g/ml之间。少