Formation mechanism of Asian Monsoon and its variation

该研究基金的项目小组是为了促进与GEWEX/GAME活动有关的区域试验而组建的。GEWEX/GAME是1996 ~ 2000年5年间，为阐明世界上最大的季风--亚洲季风的形成机制和预测水资源变化而开展的一项国际性项目。1997财政年度的研究是为了完成将于1998年春夏季节在热带和青藏高原实施的密集观测的准备工作，以及在寒冷的冬季进行通量观测，研究结果表明，在泰国，季风通过大气与地表的相互作用从日尺度向季节尺度推进。在青藏高原，夏季存在强对流引起的蒸发水局部环流。为此，1998年计划进行高空探空观测，以研究边界层的结构，在西伯利亚，对多年冻土顶层活动层的融化和冻结过程进行了密集观测，并用一维模式解释了这一过程。

The project team of this rsearch fund was organized for the promotion of regional experiments relevant to GEWEX/GAME activities. GEWEX/GAME is an international project to clarify the formation mechanism of Asian Monsoon, that is the biggest monsoon of the world, and to forecast the variation of water resources, during five years from 1996 to 2000.Thailand and Malaysia as Tropics, Tibetan Plateau and Siberia are included for field experimental area.Particularly, the studies in 1997 fiscal year were carried out for completing the preparation of the intensive observation to be implemented in the spring to summer season of 1998, in Tropics and Tibetan Plateau, and for flux observation in a cold winter, in Tundra and plain Taiga of Siberia.As research results, a monsoon march from diurnal -to seasonal- scale by the interaction between atmosphere and land surface was clarified in Thailand.In tibetan Plateau, local circulation of evaporated water due to strong convection was detected in summer season. Therefore, aero-sonde observation was planned in 1998, in order to investigate the structure of boundary layer.In Siberia, thawing and freezing processes of active layer in the top horizon of permafrost was intensivery observed and explained by using a one-dimensional model.