China-Japan Comparison of Work Organization

项目团队的目的是确定日本、中国和日本附属公司之间工作组织的相似性和多样性，并解释日本工作组织在多大程度上可以适用于中国公司。为此，我们对这些公司的经理和主管进行了访谈，并对这些公司的车间工人进行了问卷调查。我们发现，中国的工作组织是按照机械化组织原则设计的，但人们的行为却是按照集团主义原则进行的。相反，日本的工作组织是根据有机组织的原则设计的，但人们的行为是按照个人主义的原则进行的。这一发现与我们对中国工人的观察相矛盾。但这种对中国人的观察似乎是基于印象，而不是基于了解车间工人深层心理的科学方法。

The project team intended to identify the similarity and diversity of work organization among Japanese, Chines and Japanese-affiliated companies, and then to explain how much Japanese work organization can be applied to Chinese ones. For that purpose, we made interview to managers and supervisors of these companies and delivered questionnaires to workers at shop floors of these companies.We found that Chinese work organizations are designed on the principle of mechanistic organization but that people behave on the principle of groupism. On the contrary, Japanese work organizations are designed on the principle of organic organization but that people behave on the principle of individualism. This findings contradicts our observation of Chinese workers. But this observation of Chinese people seems to be based on the impression, not on the scientific methods to realize the deep psychology of workers at shop-floors.