China-Japan Comparison of Work Organization

项目组的目的是找出日本、中国和日本关联公司之间工作组织的相似性和多样性，然后解释日本的工作组织在多大程度上可以适用于中国的工作组织。为此，我们对这些公司的经理和主管进行了采访，并向这些公司的车间工人发放了调查问卷。我们发现，中国的工作组织是以机械组织的原则来设计的，而人们的行为则是以群体主义的原则来表现的。相反，日本的工作组织是按照有机组织的原则设计的，但人们的行为却是按照个人主义的原则。这一发现与我们对中国工人的观察相矛盾。但是，对中国人的这种观察似乎是基于印象，而不是基于科学的方法来了解车间工人的深层心理。

The project team intended to identify the similarity and diversity of work organization among Japanese, Chines and Japanese-affiliated companies, and then to explain how much Japanese work organization can be applied to Chinese ones. For that purpose, we made interview to managers and supervisors of these companies and delivered questionnaires to workers at shop floors of these companies.We found that Chinese work organizations are designed on the principle of mechanistic organization but that people behave on the principle of groupism. On the contrary, Japanese work organizations are designed on the principle of organic organization but that people behave on the principle of individualism. This findings contradicts our observation of Chinese workers. But this observation of Chinese people seems to be based on the impression, not on the scientific methods to realize the deep psychology of workers at shop-floors.