A comparison of firearm-related intimate partner homicide in Texas and Maryland: Prevalence, identification of those at risk, and the effect of firearm regulations

德克萨斯州和马里兰州与枪支相关的亲密伴侣杀人事件的比较：发生率、高危人群的识别以及枪支法规的影响

• 批准号: 10166359
• 负责人: Jacquelyn Cutler Campbell
• 金额: $ 105.65万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-21 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10166359
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Attitude; Behavior; COVID-19 pandemic; Case-Control Studies; Characteristics; Communities; Couples; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Databases; Disease; Event; Family; Firearms; Foundations; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Geography; Gun injury; Guns; Habits; Health Professional; Home environment; Homicide; Indigenous; Individual; Interdisciplinary Health Team; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Laws; Logistic Regressions; Machine Learning; Maryland; Medical Examiners; Methods; Military Personnel; Motivation; Native Americans; Native-Born; Outcome; Ownership; Partner Abuse; Pattern; Phase; Police; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Privatization; Recording of previous events; Regression Analysis; Regulation; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Rural; Sampling; Social Work; Social Workers; Subgroup; Substance abuse problem; Suicide; Survivors; Texas; Time; Urban Population; Veterans; Violence; Weight; Woman; abuse victim; accomplished suicide; base; data collection site; evidence base; experience; gun violence; improved; intimate partner violence; male; men; multiple data sources; offender; perpetrators; prevent; social; suicidal risk

Intimate partner homicide (IPH) accounts for one-fifth of U.S. homicides, with the majority of IPH and nearly all (91.6%) of intimate-partner related homicide-suicides (IPH-S) committed by firearms. While much is known about the frequency by which IPH is committed by firearms, research is far more limited regarding how victim/perpetrator firearm access, ownership, and behaviors affect IPH and IPH-S risk. We propose a case-control study in two states (Maryland and Texas) chosen to provide robust interstate firearm comparisons, as well as demographic, geographic and relevant law diversity. We will collect case file (medical examiner, police, prosecutor) and interview data to compare the histories of IPH victims (cases) to those of a random sample of individuals who experienced non-fatal physical IPV in the past two years (controls). The study will accomplish the following: (1) Obtain a count of firearm-related IPH and IPH-S across multiple subgroups through triangulation of data from multiple sources; (2) Describe the context of IPH and IPH-S, including precipitating events, relationship history, and perpetrator characteristics such as prior suicidality and prior substance abuse; (3) Assess the strength of firearm access, ownership, and/or use as risk factors for IPH and IPH-S, attending to intersections with risk factors at the family (e.g., abuse history), community (e.g., community violence), social and environmental levels (e.g., state firearm policies, accessibility of social services); (4) Identify differential patterns of risk between firearm-related and non-firearm related IPH, and between firearm-related IPH and IPH-S; (5) Examine patterns of gun ownership behaviors and attitudes in relation to IPH and IPH-S. We will create a database that will combine data across current data collection endeavors, creating a foundation for future funding. Findings will inform future evidence-based, multiple-level prevention interventions and allow policy makers and practitioners to develop and refine risk-informed approaches to reduce and prevent lethal IPV outcomes.

亲密伴侣杀人(IPH)占美国凶杀案的五分之一，其中IPH和 几乎所有(91.6%)与亲密伴侣有关的杀人-自杀(IPH-S)都是通过枪支实施的。而当 关于枪支实施IPH的频率已知很多，但研究要有限得多 关于受害者/肇事者获得枪支、拥有枪支和行为如何影响知识产权和知识产权风险-S。 我们建议在两个州(马里兰州和德克萨斯州)进行病例对照研究，以提供可靠的州际公路。 枪支比较，以及人口、地理和相关法律的多样性。我们会收集案例 档案(法医、警察、检察官)和面谈数据，以比较IPH受害者的病史 (病例)到过去经历过非致命性物理IPV的随机抽样个人的那些 两年(对照)。这项研究将完成以下工作：(1)获得与枪支有关的IPH计数 和IPH-S通过对多源数据的三角剖分来跨多个子组；(2)描述 IPH和IPH的背景--S，包括促成事件、关系史和肇事者 既往自杀和既往药物滥用等特征； 进入、拥有和/或使用是公共卫生和公共卫生的风险因素--S，处理有风险的交叉路口 家庭因素(如虐待史)、社区因素(如社区暴力)、社会因素和 环境水平(例如，国家枪支政策、社会服务的可获得性)；(4)确定差别 与枪支有关和非与枪支有关的IPH之间以及与枪支有关的IPH之间的风险模式 和IPH-S；(5)考察了IPH和IPH-S的枪支拥有行为和态度的模式。 我们将创建一个数据库，将当前数据收集工作中的数据组合在一起，创建一个 为未来的资金提供资金。这些发现将为未来以证据为基础的多层次预防提供信息 干预措施，并使政策制定者和从业人员能够制定和完善了解风险的方法 以减少和防止致命的IPV后果。

项目成果

Persistence and Potential Lethality in Intimate Partner Violence: Evaluating the Concurrent and Predictive Validity of a Dual Risk Assessment Protocol.

亲密伴侣暴力的持久性和潜在致命性：评估双重风险评估协议的并发和预测有效性。

• DOI: 10.1177/1077801220988347
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Violence against women
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Williams,KirkR;Stansfield,Richard;Campbell,Jacquelyn
• 通讯作者: Campbell,Jacquelyn