Modeling esophageal/respiratory birth defects in human pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived fetal tissues
Modeling esophageal/respiratory birth defects in human pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived fetal tissues
批准号:
10174986
负责人:
James M Wells
金额:
$32.3万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-08-15 至 2022-05-31
关键词:
AchalasiaAffectAutologousBarrett EsophagusBiochemicalBiological AssayBiological ModelsCell LineChIP-seqCollaborationsColonComplexCongenital AbnormalityDefectDevelopmentDiseaseDominant-Negative MutationDorsalEmbryoEndodermEnteric Nervous SystemEosinophilic EsophagitisEpithelialEsophageal AtresiaEsophageal TissueEsophagusFailureFetal TissuesFoodGastroesophageal reflux diseaseGenesGenetic TranscriptionGerm LayersHMG-Box DomainsHumanHuman CharacteristicsImpairmentLeadMalignant neoplasm of esophagusMegaesophagusModelingMolecularMorphogenesisMorphologyMovementMusMuscleMutationOperative Surgical ProceduresOral cavityOrganoidsPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPhysiologicalPluripotent Stem CellsPrimitive foregut structureProcessRegulator GenesReporterResortRespiratory SystemRoleSignal TransductionSmooth MuscleStomachStratified EpitheliumSurgeonTissue EngineeringTissuesTracheaTracheoesophageal FistulaTranscriptional ActivationTubebasebeta catenincell motilitycell typeconstrictionembryo tissuehuman pluripotent stem cellhuman tissueinduced pluripotent stem cellloss of functionmolecular modelingmotility disordernerve supplynervous system developmentnovelprotein Bprotein protein interactionreconstructionrespiratorysegregationstem cell based approachtissue reconstructiontranscription factortranscriptome sequencingvertebrate embryos
中文摘要
摘要:模拟EA/TEF在人类PSC-衍生胚胎组织
英文摘要
Summary: Modeling EA/TEF In Human PSC-Derived Embryonic Tissues
During development of the vertebrate embryo, a common foregut tube gives rise to the esophagus and
respiratory tract and this involves an array of complex molecular and morphological processes. The dorsal
foregut tube forms the esophagus and the ventral domain forms the respiratory tract, and failure to do so can
result in tracheaesophageal birth defects such as esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF).
As discussed in project 2, much is known about how Wnt and BMP signaling promote a respiratory fate by
activation of the transcription factor Nkx2.1. In contrast, little is known about pro-esophageal factors. Mouse
and human studies demonstrate that the HMG-box transcription factor Sox2 is involved in segregation of the
esophageal and respiratory lineages, however whether Sox2 promotes an esophageal fate or acts
predominantly to repress respiratory-inducing pathways the dorsal foregut is unclear. We hypothesize that both
mechanisms are involved in normal esophageal development.
In humans, most genes that cause EA/TEF remain unidentified. However, heterozygous mutations in SOX2
can cause of EA and TEF, which is in contrast to mice with heterozygous loss of Sox2, which are normal.
Complete loss of Sox2 from the foregut endoderm of mouse embryos results in esophageal agenesis, however
Sox2 is also expressed during development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the esophagus. Given that
patients with EA can have motility defects, we hypothesize some EA-associated genes may affect ENS
development. However, a study of how EA-associated mutations differentially affect the epithelium and/or ENS
of the esophagus has never been done in any species, let alone humans. We propose several novel PSC-
based approaches to study how Sox2 and other EA-associated genes impact Human esophagus specification,
epithelial morphogenesis, and functional innervation using human pluripotent stem cell-derived esophageal
organoids with an enteric nervous system.
In this project we aim to identify the mechanisms underlying esophageal specification and
development in humans by first focusing on the key esophageal factor Sox2. We hypothesize that SOX2
acts both to repress the respiratory lineage, and promote an esophageal fate via an unidentified gene
regulatory network. We will use a human PSC-derived foregut model in combination with SOX2 gain- and loss-
of-function to identify a respiratory GRN that is repressed by SOX2 and an esophageal GRN that is SOX2-
dependant. Conversely we will determine if NKX2.1 represses the esophageal fate. We will take advantage of
the expandable nature of human foregut cultures to identify direct transcriptional targets of human SOX2 and
NKX2.1 using RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. We will then investigate the disease mechanisms underlying TEF
and EA that are caused by Sox2 mutations. We will generate PSC lines harboring patient-based mutations in
SOX2 and investigate how these impact the formation of the esophageal and respiratory lineages. We will
identify the impact of SOX2 mutations on Wnt and BMP signaling and if Sox2 acts by direct protein-protein
interactions with the effector proteins b-catenin/TCF and Smads. Lastly we will investigate how EA
mutations differentially effect the different cell types of the esophagus;; the epithelial, smooth muscle
and ENS. Given that some patients with EA have associated motility disorders including achalasia 3,
constrictions 4 and megaesophagus 5, we will investigate if Sox2 mutations also have ENS deficits. We will use
iPSC lines derived from EA/TEF patients identified in projects 1 and 2 to model the molecular deficits
underlying this birth defect using our human PSC-derived organoid model.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Project-3: Modeling EA/TEF in human organoids
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批准号:10458162
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$39.75万
-
财政年份:2017
-
负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Project-3: Modeling EA/TEF in human organoids
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批准号:10647838
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$39.75万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Human Endocrine Cell Development
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批准号:8814212
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$45.5万
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财政年份:2012
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Generating Human Intestinal Organoids with an ENS.
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批准号:8415736
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$34.43万
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财政年份:2012
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负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Generating Human Intestinal Organoids with an ENS.
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批准号:8516139
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.82万
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财政年份:2012
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负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Generating Human Intestinal Organoids with an ENS.
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批准号:8665593
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$7.65万
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财政年份:2012
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Mammalian Foregut and Liver Development
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批准号:8204678
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.09万
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财政年份:2009
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负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Mammalian Foregut and Liver Development
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批准号:7895193
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$10.0万
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财政年份:2009
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Mammalian Foregut and Liver Development
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批准号:7753860
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$40.22万
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财政年份:2009
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Mammalian Foregut and Liver Development
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批准号:7582986
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$39.44万
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财政年份:2009
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Mammalian Foregut and Liver Development
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批准号:8018155
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.09万
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财政年份:2009
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Stem Cell/Organoid and Genome Editing Core
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批准号:10620719
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$14.99万
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财政年份:2007
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Pluripotent Stem Cell and Organoid Core
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批准号:9535292
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$13.95万
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财政年份:2007
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
Pluripotent Stem Cell and Organoid Core
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批准号:9312950
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$14.34万
-
财政年份:2007
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负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Stem Cell/Organoid and Genome Editing Core
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批准号:10442029
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$14.99万
-
财政年份:2007
-
负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms of endoderm specification along the A-P axis.
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批准号:7092306
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.54万
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财政年份:2006
-
负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms of endoderm specification along the A-P axis
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批准号:7410109
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.67万
-
财政年份:2006
-
负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms of endoderm specification along the A-P axis.
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批准号:7800390
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.4万
-
财政年份:2006
-
负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms of endoderm specification along the A-P axis
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批准号:7615114
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.67万
-
财政年份:2006
-
负责人:James M Wells
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms of endoderm specification along the A-P axis
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批准号:7222756
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.67万
-
财政年份:2006
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负责人:James M Wells
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依托单位:
海外基金