RCMI@Morgan: Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation

项目总结 在全国范围内，新冠肺炎感染率在有色人种社区中高得不成比例 (CDC，2020)。在马里兰州，60%的人口是白人，30%的人口是黑人， 非裔美国人(AA)的冠状病毒感染率较高，为49.4%，而非裔美国人为36.9% 在白人中，13.7%在亚洲人和其他种族中(MD卫生部， 2020)。同样，在巴尔的摩东北部新冠肺炎的死亡案例中，有53%是由美国癌症协会造成的 社区(即邮政编码21215)，并且在巴尔的摩的健康企业区(HEZ)之一(即， 21216、21217、21223和21229)五个受感染居民中有四个是黑人(David P.，2020年)。低- 有新冠肺炎症状的收入不足/未参保AA经常经历交通运输 障碍。即使他们能够到达急诊室(ER)，他们也经常被拒之门外 (Shamus，K.，2020)。这一人群中的其他成员选择不去急诊室，而是处理 在家里有痛苦的新冠肺炎症状。更糟糕的是， 全国范围内的种族隔离迫使许多AA进入住房地区，获得当地医疗保健的机会有限 诊所、健康食品选择、清洁空气和绿地，所有这些都有助于提高 既往疾病的发病率，这增加了经历更严重的冠状病毒感染的风险- 19种症状。 为了解决上述问题，摩根州立大学(MSU)商学院 建筑与规划(MSU-SAP)，密歇根州立大学心理学系，密歇根州立大学 地理、AA生物医药公司Juxtopia、马里兰大学和工程学 咨询公司Contronic LLC将研究一种快速翻新的创新概念 巴尔的摩的空置/未充分利用的房屋/建筑，位于较低收入的巴尔的摩赫兹 社区和邮政编码21215，进入临时诊所。该项目的目标是提供目标 居民更容易获得具有文化意识和能力的医疗服务(即， 当地/社区医疗保健设施和资源(即医疗保健提供者)可衡量 缩小新冠肺炎相关感染和死亡率的健康差距 巴尔的摩。密歇根州立大学-SAP团队的假设是，如果巴尔的摩市拥有的某个 赫兹和21215个社区的空置/未充分利用的物业被改造成混合诊所， 然后，这些社区的居民将有机会获得更有效和更具文化内涵的 与传统医疗机构(例如急诊室)相比，医疗服务能力更强。至 为了完成这项研究，调查人员将处理以下具体目标： 目的1：评估门诊沙漠现象对#年新冠肺炎暴发的影响 巴尔的摩 目标2：制定一种方法来确定潜在临时社区的最佳位置 在疫情爆发期间提供检测、疫苗接种和其他相关医疗服务的诊所 新冠肺炎等流行病 目标3：评估将空置或未充分利用的建筑改建为临时建筑的可行性 公共卫生危机时期的社区卫生诊所，如新冠肺炎

PROJECT SUMMARY COVID-19 infections are disproportionately higher among communities of color, nationwide (CDC, 2020). In Maryland, where 60% of the population is white and 30% is black, the rate of coronavirus infections is higher among African Americans (AA) at 49.4% compared to 36.9% among whites, and 13.7% among Asians and among other races (MD Department of Health, 2020). Likewise, AAs account for 53% of COVID-19 deaths within Baltimore's Northeast community (i.e. zip code 21215), and, in one of Baltimore's Health Enterprise Zones (HEZ) (i.e., 21216, 21217, 21223, and 21229) four of five infected residents are black (David, P., 2020). Low- income underinsured/uninsured AAs with COVID-19 symptoms often experience transportation barriers. Even when they are able to arrive at an emergency room (ER) they often are turned away (Shamus, K., 2020). Other members of this population elect not to go to the ER and instead deal with the painful COVID-19 symptoms at home. To make matters worse, the long history of segregation nationwide has forced many AAs into housing areas with limited access to local health clinics, healthy food options, clean air, and green space, all of which contribute to higher incidences of pre-existing illnesses, which increases the risk of experiencing more severe COVID- 19 symptoms. To address the aforementioned problems, the Morgan State University (MSU) School of Architecture and Planning (MSU-SAP), MSU Department of Psychology, MSU Department of Geography, AA biomedical company Juxtopia, University of Maryland, and engineering consulting company Contronic LLC, will investigate an innovative concept of rapidly renovating Baltimore's vacant/underused houses/buildings, located in lower-income Baltimore HEZ communities and zip code 21215, into temporary clinics. The goal of the project is to provide target residents with easier accessibility to culturally aware and competent healthcare services (i.e., local/community healthcare facilities and resources (i.e., healthcare providers)) to measurably decrease the health disparity in COVID-19 related infections and mortality rates in Baltimore. The MSU-SAP team hypothesis is that IF some Baltimore City-owned vacant/underused properties in HEZ and 21215 communities are renovated into hybrid clinics, THEN residents in those communities will have access to efficient and more culturally competent healthcare services compared to traditional healthcare facilities (e.g., ERs). To accomplish this research, the investigators will address the following specific aims: Aim 1: Assess the impact of the clinic-desert phenomenon on the COVID-19 outbreak in Baltimore Aim 2: Develop a methodology to identify optimal locations for potential temporary community clinics for testing, vaccination and other related healthcare services during outbreaks and pandemics such as COVID-19 Aim 3: Assess the feasibility of converting a vacant or underused building into a temporary community health clinic during times of public health crisis, such as COVID-19