Evaluation of social policies to reduce intimate partner violence and improve child health in low- and middle-income countries

项目总结 国际和平协会的长期目标是改善低收入和贫困地区妇女及其子女的健康和福祉 通过循证的结构性干预措施向中等收入国家提供援助，并将 可能通过K99/R00独立之路奖提供的培训和指导。这个 该奖项中提出的研究将评估保护和支持妇女的社会政策对 减少亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)并改善其5岁以下儿童的健康状况 LMIC中的年龄。这项研究将填补一个重要的证据空白。IPV预防文献将重点放在 主要是针对个人、家庭或社区的干预，社会政策的效果是 不是很清楚。在奖励的K99部分，PI将接受培训和指导 哥伦比亚大学梅尔曼公共卫生学院来自一个跨学科的指导团队 指导早期职业调查人员的丰富经验。培训领域将包括儿童健康，包括 关于将IPV与儿童健康联系起来的潜在途径的概念性知识；因果调解分析；以及 计量经济学，这是评估社会政策的常用方法。这项培训将使PI能够 在不同的LMIC环境中进行三次社会政策评估。第一个项目将评估采用 关于IPV变化和改善儿童健康的国家级IPV预防立法。这项工作将 利用来自24个LMIC的人口和健康调查数据，与从世界各地收集的政策数据相联系 银行。第二个项目将评估为低收入者，主要是女性--提供现金赠款的效果。 关于5岁以下儿童的健康问题，在南非的户主家庭。该项目将执行一项 因果调解分析，以正式测试儿童健康的改善是否通过减少 母体IPV相关因素。这项工作将利用南非国民收入的纵向数据 动态研究，这是一项以人群为基础的大型小组调查。第三个项目将评估 在印度实施关于母体感染病毒相关因素和儿童的全面预防感染病毒立法 健康。这项工作将利用印度人类发展调查的纵向数据，大量人口- 基于小组调查，与从一个印度法律倡导团体收集的立法数据相联系。结果是 这些研究将大大增加对社会政策对减少IPV的影响的了解，并 在广泛的LMIC环境中改善儿童健康。提供的培训、指导和研究 这一奖项将帮助PI发展成为评估结构性干预措施的独立调查员 改善低收入中等收入国家母亲及其子女的健康。这项拟议的研究进一步加强了NICHD的任务 通过调查和预防有害的社会和环境原因改善儿童健康，包括 儿童时期的不良事件。

Project summary The PI’s long-term objective is to improve the health and well-being of women and their children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) through evidence-informed structural interventions, which will be made possible by the training and mentorship provided from the K99/R00 Pathway to Independence Award. The research proposed in this award will evaluate the effect of social policies that protect and support women on reductions in intimate partner violence (IPV) and improvements in the health of their children under 5 years of age in LMICs. This research will fill an important evidence gap. The IPV prevention literature has focused primarily on interventions that target individuals, households, or communities, and the effect of social policies is not well understood. During the K99 portion of the award, the PI will receive training and mentorship at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health from a cross-disciplinary mentoring team with substantial experience mentoring early career investigators. Training areas will include child health, including conceptual knowledge of potential pathways linking IPV to child health; causal mediation analysis; and econometrics, which are methods commonly used to evaluate social policies. This training will enable the PI to conduct three social policy evaluations in diverse LMIC settings. The first project will evaluate adoption of national-level IPV prevention legislation on changes in IPV and improvements in child health. This work will utilize Demographic and Health Survey data from 24 LMICs, linked with policy data collected from the World Bank. The second project will evaluate the effect of availability of a cash grant for low-income, primarily female- headed households in South Africa, on the health of children under 5 years of age. The project will perform a causal mediation analysis to formally test if improvements in child health are mediated through reductions in maternal IPV-related factors. This work will utilize longitudinal data from the South Africa National Income Dynamics Study, which is a large population-based panel survey. The third project will evaluate the degree of implementation of comprehensive IPV-prevention legislation in India on maternal IPV-related factors and child health. This work will utilize longitudinal data from the India Human Development Survey, a large population- based panel survey, linked with legislative data collected from an Indian legal advocacy group. The results of these studies will substantially increase knowledge about the effect of social policies on reducing IPV and improving child health across a wide range of LMIC settings. The training, mentorship, and research afforded by this award will help the PI develop into an independent investigator who evaluates structural interventions to improve the health of mothers and their children in LMICs. This proposed research furthers NICHD’s mandate of improving child health by investigating and preventing harmful social and environmental causes, including adverse childhood events.