Real-time and subjective predictors of vape pod use among young adults with mental health concerns

项目总结/摘要 电子尼古丁输送系统（“ENDS”）在年轻人中的使用急剧增加， 在过去的两年里，主要是由于vape豆荚的普及，一种新型的ENDS产品， 通过“尼古丁盐”释放尼古丁和香料。这种快速增长的使用是惊人的，因为高 潜在的尼古丁依赖; vape荚含有最高尼古丁浓度的ENDS上 市场虽然对vape豆荚使用的研究仍处于初期阶段，但一个可能特别容易受到影响的人群 包括有心理健康问题的青少年。有心理健康问题的青年人报告说， 烟草制品，包括ENDS，比他们的同行。最近的研究发现抑郁症的症状 和焦虑与青少年ENDS使用行为呈正相关。心理与心理之间的联系 由于有心理健康问题的个人遭受 与吸烟相关的健康影响不成比例，并报告与吸烟相关的健康影响相比， 普通民众。尼古丁依赖在这一人群中尤其成问题， 导致情绪波动，如抑郁症状和压力，这反过来又可能导致更多 在这些人中经常使用。到目前为止，只有有限的研究调查与 一般来说，在有心理健康问题的YAs中，使用ENDS，特别是使用vape pod。此类信息 为制定针对这一弱势群体的戒烟干预措施提供信息。在 为了填补有心理障碍的YAs在理解新型烟草产品使用（即vape pod使用）方面的差距， 健康问题，这项研究将利用国家的科学生态瞬时评估（EMA）， 定性访谈，以调查具有以下症状的YAs之间使用vape pod的实时前因 抑郁和/或焦虑。因此，本研究有以下目的：1）评估vape的实时预测因子 在一项对有抑郁症状和/或抑郁症状的YAs（n=50）的前瞻性研究中， 使用EMA焦虑，2）探索对vape pod使用的看法和对未来vape的建议 通过使用定性访谈（n=50）的豆荚停止干预。研究的EMA部分将 调查使用的前因，包括社会环境，同时使用的物质（其他烟草制品， 酒精和大麻），情绪，渴望，等等。由于EMA无法捕获所有相关结构，我们将 用定性访谈补充我们的EMA分析。定性访谈将提供重要的见解 以及我们EMA调查结果的背景，并为未来的设计和内容提出建议 干预这项研究直接涉及NIDA的研究重点，包括1）之间的关系 ENDS使用和合并症（即精神健康问题），和2）ENDS使用与其他药物合并使用 烟草制品和其他滥用物质。这项研究也将作为小说的基础 对患有抑郁和/或焦虑的YA vape pod用户进行戒烟干预。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (“ENDS”) use among young people has increased dramatically over the past two years, largely due to the increase in popularity of vape pods, a novel type of ENDS product that delivers nicotine and flavorings through “nicotine salts.” This rapid increase in use is alarming given the high potential for nicotine dependence; vape pods contain the highest nicotine concentrations of ENDS on the market. While the research on vape pod use is still nascent, one population that may be uniquely susceptible to use includes YAs with mental health concerns. YAs with mental health concerns report higher use of tobacco products, including ENDS, than their peers. Recent research has found that symptoms of depression and anxiety are positively associated with ENDS use behaviors among YAs. The associations between mental health concerns and ENDS use among YAs is concerning as individuals with mental health concerns suffer disproportionately from tobacco-related health effects and report greater difficulty in quitting as compared to the general population. Nicotine dependence is particularly problematic among this population as nicotine causes fluctuations in mood, such as depressive symptoms and stress, which, in turn, may lead to more frequent use among these individuals. To date, there is limited research investigating factors associated with ENDS use generally, and vape pod use specifically, among YAs with mental health concerns. Such information is needed to inform the development of tailored cessation intervention efforts for this vulnerable population. In order to fill the gap in understanding novel tobacco product use (i.e. vape pod use) among YAs with mental health concerns, this study will utilize state-of-the-science ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and qualitative interviews to investigate real-time antecedents of vape pod use among YAs with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. Thus, this study has the following aims: 1) to assess real-time predictors of vape pod use, as well as patterns of use, in a prospective study of YAs (n=50) with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety by using EMA, and 2) to explore perceptions of vape pod use and recommendations for future vape pod cessation interventions through the use of qualitative interviews (n=50). The EMA portion of the study will investigate antecedents of use, including social setting, concurrent substance use (other tobacco products, alcohol, and marijuana), mood, craving, among others. As EMA cannot capture all relevant constructs, we will supplement our EMA analyses with qualitative interviews. Qualitative interviews will provide important insights and context regarding our EMA findings, as well as elicit suggestions for the design and content of the future intervention. This research directly addresses NIDA research priorities, including 1) relationships between ENDS use and comorbidities (i.e. mental health concerns), and 2) ENDS use with concurrent use of other tobacco products and other substances of abuse. This study will also serve as the foundation for a novel cessation intervention for YA vape pod users with depression and/or anxiety.